Effect of the Draw Solution on the Efficiency of Two-Stage FO-RO/BWRO for Seawater and Brackish Water Desalination

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Ali Altaee ◽  
Adnan Alhathal Alanezi ◽  
Radhi Alazmi ◽  
Alaa H. Hawari ◽  
Claudio Mascialino
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Draw Solution

Low-Resistance Monovalent-Selective Cation Exchange Membranes for Energy-Efficient Ion Separations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Wormser ◽  
Oded Nir ◽  
Eran Edri
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Molecular Layer Deposition ◽  
Selective Layer ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Membrane Selectivity ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Water Energy Nexus

<div> <div> <div> <p>The desalination of brackish water provides water to tens of millions of people around the world, but current technologies deplete much needed nutrients from the water, which is detrimental to both public health and agriculture. A selective method for brackish water desalination, which retains the needed nutrients, is electrodialysis (ED) using monovalent-selective cation exchange membranes (MVS-CEMs). However, due to the trade-off between membrane selectivity and resistance, most MVS-CEMs demonstrate either high transport resistance or low selectivity, which increase energy consumption and hinder the use of such membranes for brackish water desalination by ED. Here, we used molecular layer deposition (MLD) to uniformly coat CEMs with ultrathin layers of alucone. The positive surface charge of the alucone instills monovalent selectivity in the CEM. Using MLD enabled us to precisely control and minimize the selective layer thickness, while the flexibility and nanoporosity of the alucone prevent cracking and delamination. Under conditions simulating brackish water desalination, this compound provides monovalent selectivity with negligible added resistance—the smallest reported resistance for a monovalent-selective layer, to date—thereby alleviating the selectivity–resistance trade-off. Addressing the water–energy nexus, we show that using these membranes in ED will cut at least half of the energy required for selective brackish water desalination with current MVS-CEMs. </p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Structural investigation and application of Tween 80-choline chloride self-assemblies as osmotic agent for water desalination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Bide ◽  
Marzieh Arab Fashapoyeh ◽  
Soheila Shokrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Osmotic Agent

AbstractForward osmosis (FO) process has been extensively considered as a potential technology that could minimize the problems of traditional water desalination processes. Finding an appropriate osmotic agent is an important concern in the FO process. For the first time, a nonionic surfactant-based draw solution was introduced using self-assemblies of Tween 80 and choline chloride. The addition of choline chloride to Tween 80 led to micelles formation with an average diameter of 11.03 nm. The 1H NMR spectra exhibited that all groups of Tween 80 were interacted with choline chloride by hydrogen bond and Van der Waals’ force. The influence of adding choline chloride to Tween 80 and the micellization on its osmotic activity was investigated. Despite the less activity of single components, the average water flux of 14.29 L m‒2 h‒1 was obtained using 0.15 M of Tween 80-choline chloride self-assembly as draw solution in the FO process with DI water feed solution. Moreover, various concentrations of NaCl aqueous solutions were examined as feed solution. This report proposed a possible preparation of nonionic surfactant-based draw solutions using choline chloride additive with enhanced osmotic activities that can establish an innovative field of study in water desalination by the FO process.

Design of Thermally Responsive Polymeric Hydrogels for Brackish Water Desalination: Effect of Architecture on Swelling, Deswelling, and Salt Rejection

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 15696-15706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Ali ◽  
Beate Gebert ◽  
Tobias Hennecke ◽  
Karlheinz Graf ◽  
Mathias Ulbricht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Thermally Responsive ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels

Reverse osmosis pilot plants performance in brackish water desalination

Desalination ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 341-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Boari ◽  
C. Carrieri ◽  
P. Mappelli ◽  
M. Santori
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination

Renewable energy powered membrane technology: Safe operating window of a brackish water desalination system

2014 ◽  
Vol 468 ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce S. Richards ◽  
Gavin L. Park ◽  
Thomas Pietzsch ◽  
Andrea I. Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Operating Window ◽  
Safe Operating
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