scholarly journals Trends in Downward Solar Radiation at the Surface over North America from Climate Model Projections and Implications for Solar Energy

2016 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Climate Model

scholarly journals Trends in Downward Solar Radiation at the Surface over North America from Climate Model Projections and Implications for Solar Energy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Andres Saenz ◽  
Huei-Ping Huang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Climate Model Simulations ◽  
The Impact

The projected changes in the downward solar radiation at the surface over North America for late 21st century are deduced from global climate model simulations with greenhouse-gas (GHG) forcing. A robust trend is found in winter over the United States, which exhibits a simple pattern of a decrease of sunlight over Northern USA. and an increase of sunlight over Southern USA. This structure was identified in both the seasonal mean and the mean climatology at different times of the day. It is broadly consistent with the known poleward shift of storm tracks in winter in climate model simulations with GHG forcing. The centennial trend of the downward shortwave radiation at the surface in Northern USA. is on the order of 10% of the climatological value for the January monthly mean, and slightly over 10% at the time when it is midday in the United States. This indicates a nonnegligible influence of the GHG forcing on solar energy in the long term. Nevertheless, when dividing the 10% by a century, in the near term, the impact of the GHG forcing is relatively minor such that the estimate of solar power potential using present-day climatology will remain useful in the coming decades.

scholarly journals Detrended Multiple Cross-Correlation Coefficient applied to solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea de Almeida Brito ◽  
Heráclio Alves de Araújo ◽  
Gilney Figueira Zebende
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Cross Correlations

AbstractDue to the importance of generating energy sustainably, with the Sun being a large solar power plant for the Earth, we study the cross-correlations between the main meteorological variables (global solar radiation, air temperature, and relative air humidity) from a global cross-correlation perspective to efficiently capture solar energy. This is done initially between pairs of these variables, with the Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, ρDCCA, and subsequently with the recently developed Multiple Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2. We use the hourly data from three meteorological stations of the Brazilian Institute of Meteorology located in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Initially, with the original data, we set up a color map for each variable to show the time dynamics. After, ρDCCA was calculated, thus obtaining a positive value between the global solar radiation and air temperature, and a negative value between the global solar radiation and air relative humidity, for all time scales. Finally, for the first time, was applied $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2 to analyze cross-correlations between three meteorological variables at the same time. On taking the global radiation as the dependent variable, and assuming that $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}={\bf{1}}$$DMCx2=1 (which varies from 0 to 1) is the ideal value for the capture of solar energy, our analysis finds some patterns (differences) involving these meteorological stations with a high intensity of annual solar radiation.

scholarly journals The role of L/W in the solar radiation for Saharian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Rami Qaoud ◽  
Alkama Djamal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The urban fabric of the desert cities is based on the principle of reducing the impact of urban canyons on direct solar radiation. Here comes this research, which is based on a comparative study of the periods of direct solarisation and values of the solar energy of urban canyons via two urban fabrics that have different building densities, where the ratio between L/W is different. In order to obtain the real values of the solar energy (thermal, lighting), the test field was examined every two hours, each three consecutive days. The measurement stations are positioned by the three types of the relationship between L/W, (L≥2w, L=w, L≤0.5w). According to the results, we noticed and recorded the difference in the periods of direct solarization between the types of urban engineering canyons, reaching 6 hours a day, the difference in thermal values of air, reaching 4 °C, and the difference in periods of direct natural lighting, reaching 6 hours. It should be noted that the role of the relationship between L/W is to protect the urban canyons by reducing the impact of direct solar radiation on urban canyons, providing longer hours of shading, and reducing solar energy levels (thermal, lighting) at the urban canyons. This research is classified under the research axis (the studies of external spaces in the urban environment according to the bioclimatic approach and geographic approach). But this research aims to focus on the tracking and studying the distribution of the solar radiation - thermal radiation and lighting radiation - in different types of street canyons by comparing the study of the direct solarization periods of each type and the quantity of solar energy collected during the solarization periods.

Preliminary results on the determination of solar energy potential using LiDAR technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Szabó ◽  
P. Enyedi ◽  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
I. Fazekas ◽  
T. Buday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Potential Surfaces ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Automatic Data

According to the challenge of the reduction of greenhouse gases, the structure of energy production should be revised and the increase of the ratio of alternative energy sources can be a possible solution. Redistribution of the energy production to the private houses is an alternative of large power stations at least in a partial manner. Especially, the utilization of solar energy represents a real possibility to exploit the natural resources in a sustainable way. In this study we attempted to survey the roofs of the buildings with an automatic method as the potential surfaces of placing solar panels. A LiDAR survey was carried out with 12 points/m2 density as the most up-to-date method of surveys and automatic data collection techniques. Our primary goal was to extract the buildings with special regard to the roofs in a 1 km2 study area, in Debrecen. The 3D point cloud generated by the LiDAR was processed with MicroStation TerraScan software, using semi-automatic algorithms. Slopes, aspects and annual solar radiation income of roof planes were determined in ArcGIS10 environment from the digital surface model. Results showed that, generally, the outcome can be regarded as a roof cadaster of the buildings with correct geometry. Calculated solar radiation values revealed those roof planes where the investment for photovoltaic solar panels can be feasible.

The Research of Energy Conversion and Heat Transfer in the Ceramic Foams of Solar Energy Converter

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Fengmin Su ◽  
Chunji Yan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Ceramic Foams ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Flow Through

The solar energy converter in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) system, applies the solid frame structure of the ceramic foams to receive the concentrated solar radiation, convert it into thermal energy, and heat the air flow through the ceramic foams by convection heat transfer. In this paper, first, the pressure drops in the studied ceramic foams were measured under all kinds of flow condition. Based on the experimental results, an empirical numerical model was built for the air flow through ceramic foams. Second, a 3-D numerical model was built, for the receiving and conversion of the solar energy in the ceramic foams of the solar energy converter. Third, applying two aforementioned numerical models, the numerical studies of the thermal performance were carried out, for the solar energy converter filled with the ceramic foams, and results show that the structure parameters of the ceramic foams, the effective reflective area and the solar radiation intensity of the solar concentrator, have direct impacts on the absorptivity and conversion efficiency of the solar energy in the solar energy converter. And the results of the numerical studies are found to be in reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements. This paper will provide a reference for the design and manufacture of the solar energy converter with the ceramic foams.

Review of empirical solar radiation models for estimating global solar radiation of various climate zones of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-188
Author(s):  
Shaban G Gouda ◽  
Zakia Hussein ◽  
Shuai Luo ◽  
Qiaoxia Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Input Parameters

Utilizing solar energy requires accurate information about global solar radiation (GSR), which is critical for designers and manufacturers of solar energy systems and equipment. This study aims to examine the literature gaps by evaluating recent predictive models and categorizing them into various groups depending on the input parameters, and comprehensively collect the methods for classifying China into solar zones. The selected groups of models include those that use sunshine duration, temperature, dew-point temperature, precipitation, fog, cloud cover, day of the year, and different meteorological parameters (complex models). 220 empirical models are analyzed for estimating the GSR on a horizontal surface in China. Additionally, the most accurate models from the literature are summarized for 115 locations in China and are distributed into the above categories with the corresponding solar zone; the ideal models from each category and each solar zone are identified. Comments on two important temperature-based models that are presented in this work can help the researchers and readers to be unconfused when reading the literature of these models and cite them in a correct method in future studies. Machine learning techniques exhibit performance GSR estimation better than empirical models; however, the computational cost and complexity should be considered at choosing and applying these techniques. The models and model categories in this study, according to the key input parameters at the corresponding location and solar zone, are helpful to researchers as well as to designers and engineers of solar energy systems and equipment.

scholarly journals Effects of Aerosols and Clouds on the Levels of Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in Cyprus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Fountoulakis ◽  
Panagiotis Kosmopoulos ◽  
Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou ◽  
Panagiotis-Ioannis Raptis ◽  
Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Surface Solar Radiation ◽  
Satellite Retrievals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fine Resolution

Cyprus plans to drastically increase the share of renewable energy sources from 13.9% in 2020 to 22.9% in 2030. Solar energy can play a key role in the effort to fulfil this goal. The potential for production of solar energy over the island is much higher than most of European territory because of the low latitude of the island and the nearly cloudless summers. In this study, high quality and fine resolution satellite retrievals of aerosols and dust, from the newly developed MIDAS climatology, as well as information for clouds from CMSAF are used in order to quantify the effects of aerosols, dust, and clouds on the levels of surface solar radiation (SSR) and the corresponding financial loss for different types of installations for production of solar energy. An SSR climatology has been also developed based on the above information. Ground-based measurements were also incorporated to study the contribution of different species to the aerosol mixture and the effects of day-to-day variability of aerosols on SSR. Aerosols attenuate 5 – 10% of annual GHI and 15 – 35% of annual DNI, while clouds attenuate ~25 – 30% and 35 – 50% respectively. Dust is responsible for 30 – 50% of the overall attenuation by aerosols.

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