Materials science, bridging the gap between architecture, architectural engineering and structural engineering

2016 ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Veer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Architectural Engineering

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING AS A PROFESSION: REPORT ON RESEARCH LEADING TO A CURRICULUM REVISION

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-748
Author(s):  
Josifas Parasonis ◽  
Andrej Jodko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Competence Model ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Curriculum Revision ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Modern design practice, where an architect works with engineers in a large team, lacks optimisation. Improvement of collaboration between the professions of architecture (A) and structural engineering (SE) would result in more efficient structures. Collaboration can be improved by professionals who have training and/or experience in both professions. The fact is proved by the professionals that either were separately trained in each field, or had integrated training in both fields, or successfully practised on the borderline between A and E. The concept of architectural engineering (AE) appeared in the late nineteenth century, and the profession has increasingly been developing from that time on. The Aim of the research is to develop a competence model (CM) for an AE professional, and scientifically substantiate the subject matter of the undergraduate AE programme. The Scope of the study is the analysis of collaboration issues relating to the civil engineering (CE) and A professions, studies on the development of CM, and development of the study programme curriculum. The authors developed a CM for an AE professional containing essential competences and courses of the curriculum for training of the modern professional proficient in the development of architectural and structural design projects.

scholarly journals New Frontiers in Cementitious and Lime-Based Materials and Composites

Crystals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Cesare Signorini ◽  
Antonella Sola ◽  
Sumit Chakraborty ◽  
Valentina Volpini
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends

Cement and lime currently are the most common binders in building materials. However, alternative materials and methods are needed to overcome the functional limitations and environmental footprint of conventional products. This Special Issue is entirely dedicated to “New frontiers in cementitious and lime-based materials and composites” and gathers selected reviews and experimental articles that showcase the most recent trends in this multidisciplinary field. Authoritative contributions from all around the world provide important insights into all areas of research related to cementitious and lime-based materials and composites, spanning from structural engineering to geotechnics, including materials science and processing technology. This topical cross-disciplinary collection is intended to foster innovation and help researchers and developers to identify new solutions for a more sustainable and functional built environment.

scholarly journals Preface

2021 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 011001
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
Joint Event

Third Conference of Computational Methods & Ocean Technology and Second Conference of Oil and Gas Technology (COTech & OGTech 2021) November 25 - 27, 2021, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway and Russian State Gubkin University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia This conference is organized as a joint event of the COTech (Computational Methods & Ocean Technology) and OGTech (Oil and Gas Technology) conferences. The COTech conference started as part of the research and dissemination activities of the Program Area for research "COTech - Computational methods in Offshore Technology" at Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger (UiS). This Program Area for Research was founded in 2015 with seven professors, four associate professors, two adjunct professors and five research (PhD) students from the Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Materials Science (IMBM), whose expertise and competence lies primarily within use of computational methods such as finite element methods, boundary and volume element methods, computational fluid dynamics and the like in marine and subsea technology, marine operations, design and analysis of mechanical systems, integrity and reliability of offshore structures and mechanical systems, renewable energy and wind engineering. In the ocean-related engineering area in particular, numerical computation approach is nowadays not only serving as a means to cultivate and realize innovative ideas, but also it is becoming the primary choice to solve complex engineering problems for the harsh and unfriendly environment in the Arctic. List of Conference Organizing Committee, Topic Area Coordinators and Track Chairs, Invited Keynote Speakers, Technical Committee Members and Reviewers are available in this pdf.

Technical ceramics: materials-products, principles of formation of composition - structure and properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
V. T. Shmuradko ◽  
F. I. Panteleenko ◽  
O. P. Reut ◽  
N. A. Rudenskaya ◽  
S. V. Grigoriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Technical Ceramics ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The analysis of physical and chemical processes and mechanisms of structural engineering in ceramic materials science and technology of technical ceramics when creating materials for various technical purposes is presented. Ill. 1. Ref. 16.

Research on the Specialization and Theory of Building Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 5472-5475
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Building Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Building Engineering ◽  
Design And Construction

Architectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology to building design and construction. Definitions of an architectural engineer may refer to an engineer in the structural, mechanical, electrical, construction or other engineering fields of building design and construction; a licensed engineering professional in parts of the United States; in informal contexts, and formally in some places, a professional synonymous with or similar to an architect. Structural engineering involves the analysis and design of physical objects (buildings, bridges, equipment supports, towers and walls). Those concentrating on buildings are responsible for the structural performance of a large part of the built environment and are, sometimes, informally referred to as “building engineers”.

Mechanical Behavior of Thin Films

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Bravman ◽  
William D. Nix
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
High Strength ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Key Aspects

The use of materials based on their mechanical behavior has moderated key aspects of the development of civilization. Starting perhaps with stone and wood, used more or less in forms provided directly by nature, progressing to the ferrous metallurgies that gave birth to the entire industrial revolution, and continuing with today's exotic high-strength, light-weight alloys and composites, materials have frequently been selected to fulfill the structural engineering needs of designers, builders, and inventors. Following these trends, studies of the mechanical behavior of solids, once the exclusive purview of blacksmiths and artisans, came to occupy the attention of scientists and engineers worldwide, and were foundational to the modern discipline of materials science and engineering.In this issue of the MRS Bulletin, we have selected five articles that highlight the intellectual coupling of traditional mechanical behavior investigations with the use of materials in thin film forms. Such a coupling is not entirely new. In an ASM-sponsored seminar held in 1963, for instance, one of the papers presented was entitled simply “Mechanical Properties of Thin Films.” Within the last decade, however, and due largely to developments within the microelectronic and magnetic disk industries, awareness of the need to predict, control, and understand the mechanical behavior of thin film media has grown rapidly. Many of the most important failure mechanisms operative in integrated circuits, for example, such as stress and electromigration voiding, are mechanical in nature.

Systematic review of application of artificial intelligence tools in architectural, engineering and construction

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hamza Momade ◽  
Serdar Durdyev ◽  
Dave Estrella ◽  
Syuhaida Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Engineering Project Management ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study reviews the extent of application of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachA thorough literature review (based on 165 articles) was conducted using Elsevier's Scopus due to its simplicity and as it encapsulates an extensive variety of databases to identify the literature related to the scope of the present study.FindingsThe following items were extracted: type of AI tools used, the major purpose of application, the geographical location where the study was conducted and the distribution of studies in terms of the journals they are published by. Based on the review results, the disciplines the AI tools have been used for were classified into eight major areas, such as geotechnical engineering, project management, energy, hydrology, environment and transportation, while construction materials and structural engineering. ANN has been a widely used tool, while the researchers have also used other AI tools, which shows efforts of exploring other tools for better modelling abilities. There is also clear evidence of that studies are now growing from applying a single AI tool to applying hybrid ones to create a comparison and showcase which tool provides a better result in an apple-to-apple scenario.Practical implicationsThe findings can be used, not only by the researchers interested in the application of AI tools in construction, but also by the industry practitioners, who are keen to further understand and explore the applications of AI tools in the field.Originality/valueThere are no studies to date which serves as the center point to learn about the different AI tools available and their level of application in different fields of AEC. The study sheds light on various studies, which have used AI in hybrid/evolutionary systems to develop effective and accurate predictive models, to offer researchers and model developers more tools to choose from.

Trends in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
C. Colliex ◽  
P. Trebbia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Primary Electrons

The physical foundations for the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy towards analytical purposes, seem now rather well established and have been extensively discussed through recent publications. In this brief review we intend only to mention most recent developments in this field, which became available to our knowledge. We derive also some lines of discussion to define more clearly the limits of this analytical technique in materials science problems.The spectral information carried in both low ( 0<ΔE<100eV ) and high ( >100eV ) energy regions of the loss spectrum, is capable to provide quantitative results. Spectrometers have therefore been designed to work with all kinds of electron microscopes and to cover large energy ranges for the detection of inelastically scattered electrons (for instance the L-edge of molybdenum at 2500eV has been measured by van Zuylen with primary electrons of 80 kV). It is rather easy to fix a post-specimen magnetic optics on a STEM, but Crewe has recently underlined that great care should be devoted to optimize the collecting power and the energy resolution of the whole system.

Electron holography in materials science

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 670-671
Author(s):  
Hannes Lichte ◽  
Edgar Voelkl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Fourier Spectrum ◽  
Object Wave ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Reconstruction Procedure ◽  
Numerical Reconstruction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Unique Interpretation

The object wave o(x,y) = a(x,y)exp(iφ(x,y)) at the exit face of the specimen is described by two real functions, i.e. amplitude a(x,y) and phase φ(x,y). In stead of o(x,y), however, in conventional transmission electron microscopy one records only the real intensity I(x,y) of the image wave b(x,y) loosing the image phase. In addition, referred to the object wave, b(x,y) is heavily distorted by the aberrations of the microscope giving rise to loss of resolution. Dealing with strong objects, a unique interpretation of the micrograph in terms of amplitude and phase of the object is not possible. According to Gabor, holography helps in that it records the image wave completely by both amplitude and phase. Subsequently, by means of a numerical reconstruction procedure, b(x,y) is deconvoluted from aberrations to retrieve o(x,y). Likewise, the Fourier spectrum of the object wave is at hand. Without the restrictions sketched above, the investigation of the object can be performed by different reconstruction procedures on one hologram. The holograms were taken by means of a Philips EM420-FEG with an electron biprism at 100 kV.

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