2 Shoulder Examination

2008 ◽  
pp. 254-260
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Examination

Shoulder examination: a systematic approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Akib M Khan ◽  
Angelos Assiotis ◽  
Mazin S Ibrahim ◽  
Andrew R Sankey
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Systematic Examination ◽  
Complex Joint ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Shoulder Examination

The shoulder is a complex joint with static and dynamic stabilising structures working synchronously. These allow a full range of movement while preserving stability of the joint. Patients may present with pain, stiffness, weakness, deformity or instability. The authors suggest a systematic examination sequence to ensure that important pathology is not overlooked. Adopting this approach allows common pathologies, including tears of the rotator cuff, impingement and tendinopathy, to be easily identified. This shoulder examination sequence may be used by all healthcare professionals and can also act as a revision aid for those undergoing exams in this field, at different levels of training.

Shoulder Examination

2013 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Umile Giuseppe Longo ◽  
Alessandra Berton ◽  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
Vincenzo Denaro
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Examination

Shoulder examination for the MRCS part B (OCSE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Richard Hayes ◽  
Karl Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Examination

scholarly journals Frequency of Use of Clinical Shoulder Examination Tests by Experienced Shoulder Surgeons

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D. Sciascia ◽  
Tracy Spigelman ◽  
W. Ben Kibler ◽  
Timothy L. Uhl
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shoulder Examination

Context Health care professionals have reported and used a multitude of special tests to evaluate patients with shoulder injuries. Because of the vast array of tests, educators of health care curriculums are challenged to decide which tests should be taught. Objective To survey experienced shoulder specialists to identify the common clinical tests used to diagnose 9 specific shoulder injuries to determine if a core battery of tests should be taught to allied health professionals. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Descriptive survey administered via e-mail. Patients or Other Participants Of 131 active members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, 71 responded to the survey. Main Outcome Measure(s) Respondents were asked to complete a survey documenting their use of clinical tests during a shoulder examination. They answered yes or no to indicate their use of 122 different tests for diagnosing 9 shoulder conditions. Results The average number of tests used for all pathologic conditions was 30 ± 9. The anterior apprehension and cross-body adduction tests were used by all respondents. At least 1 test was used for each of the 9 conditions listed (range = 1–7), and at least 50% of respondents used 25 tests. The tests were reviewed for valid diagnostic accuracy via the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. High diagnostic value and a large amount of QUADAS variability have been reported in the literature for 16 of the 25 tests. Conclusions A small percentage (20%) of clinical tests is being used by most examiners. The 25 most common tests identified from this survey may serve as a foundation for the student's knowledge base, with the clear understanding that multiple clinical tests are used by some of the most experienced clinicians dealing with shoulder injuries.

scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF USING GEL PAD AS A MEDIUM FOR ULTRASOUND SHOULDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Lelly Agustina Sisparwati ◽  
Rosy Setiawati ◽  
Berliana Devianti Putri
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Conductive Medium ◽  
Questionnaire Assessment ◽  
Axis Position ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation ◽  
Radiology Image ◽  
Shoulder Examination

Background: A conductive medium on ultrasound is a medium that is used to obtain sound wave transmission by minimizing air between the transducer and the skin. This study used materials that are easily found such as gel wax and paraffin for making the gel pad. A good oil and mineral based wax gel are used as a basic ingredient for ultrasound gel making. Gel pad can be used to minimize the structure of unauthorized organs. One of which is the shoulder. Objective: This study aims to determine the quality of the image in the use of standard gel, and the use of gel pad as a medium for ultrasound shoulder. Method: Gel pad is made by mixing gel wax and paraffin ingredients. This gel is used to obtain images from ultrasound investigation. The study used 16 samples with a total of 64 images obtained in which 32 images using standard gel and gel pad in the long axis position and 32 images using standard gel and gel pad in the short axis position. The analysis of image results is done using matlab image processing to assess SNR. The image quality obtained from the results of the questionnaire was assessed by a specialist in radiology. Image quality processing based on SNR was tested using independent T test. Meanwhile, the results of image quality from the questionnaire assessment were tested using Wilcoxon. Result: As many as 64 objects were obtained using standard gel. The gel pad showed that there were significant differences in the results of image quality based on SNR values. In the results of the questionnaire assessment, there are several anatomic organs that have no significant differences. Conclusion: The use of standard gel was still higher compared to the use of gel pad. The gel pad is able to become a standard gel alternative on ultrasound shoulder examination.

Shoulder Examination

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-132
Author(s):  
S. Prabhakar ◽  
Kevin Syam
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Examination

Clinical Examination of Hip Dysplasia/Instability

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Hip Instability ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Shoulder Examination

Clinical examination is one of the main skill that clinicians acquire through training and experience, and its contribution to diagnosis is a key addition to history taking. Mike Reiman is a physical therapist, author of the excellent textbook «Orthopedic clinical examination», who just conpleted his PhD (congrats!) under the supervision of Kristian Thorborg (Denmark), looking at the validity of the most frequently used clinical examination tests around the hip area. We tend to think that “specialized” tests have great significance for the examination of a particular structure of pathology, yet as we have already learned from multiple studies on this very question around the shoulder examination tests, this is deceptive. In this article, Dr Reiman looks at what we know for hip instability tests, and the conclusion is not very different. Some tests can help in ruling in a pathology (higher specificity than sensibility), but should by no means be considered decisive. At #SportSuisse2018, he presented his PhD work on femoro-acetabular impingement tests, and the findings are not dissimilar to this article. We should be very careful with the interpretation we make of positive clinical tests. First, the tests should be properly standardized and executed. Second, the clinician must understand when a test is to be interpreted as positive: do we look for pain (reproduces the patient’s complaint or a different pain?), clicking or limitation in range of motion? Not all tests look for the same thing. Third, the clinician must acknowledge the validity of each test. One way to look at it is, that the act of clinical examination must be executed and chosen wisely, whilst the results of the tests can only be interpreted in the context of the history, the aggregate of tests, the additional imaging when advisable and the experience of the clinician. This is the art of clinical work informed by science, but let’s not overstate our findings too “artistically”.

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