Biodegradable Nanoparticle-Based Antiretroviral Therapy across the Blood-Brain Barrier

2016 ◽  
pp. 1425-1452
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Biodegradable Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Global Perspective of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of NeuroAIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swatantra Kumar ◽  
Vimal K Maurya ◽  
Himanshu R Dandu ◽  
Madan LB Bhatt ◽  
Shailendra K Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAmong Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, around two-thirds of patients present with neuroAIDS, where HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD) are the most prevailing neurological complications. The neuropathology of neuroAIDS can be characterized by the presence of HIV infected macrophages and microglia in the brain, with the formation of multinucleated giant cells. Global predominant subtypes of HIV-1 clade B and C infections influence the differential effect of immune and neuronal dysfunctions, leading to clade-specific clinical variation in neuroAIDS patient cohorts. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) enhances the survival rate among AIDS patients, but due to the inability to cross the Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB), incidence of neuroAIDS during disease progression may be envisaged. The complex structure of blood-brain-barrier, and poor pharmacokinetic profile coupled with weak bio-distribution of antiretroviral drugs, are the principle barriers for the treatment of neuroAIDS. In the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, the frequency of HAD has decreased; however the incidence of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and minor neurocognitive disorder (MND) remains consistent. Therefore, several effective novel nanotechnology based therapeutic approaches have been developed to improve the availability of antiretroviral drugs in the brain for the management of neuroAIDS.

Conformationally Constrained Peptide Drugs Targeted at the Blood-Brain Barrier

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Davis ◽  
Thomas J. Abbruscato ◽  
Elizabeth Brownson ◽  
Victor J. Hruby
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Peptide Drugs ◽  
Conformationally Constrained ◽  
Blood Brain
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