Magnetoferritin Nanoparticles as a Promising Building Blocks for Three-Dimensional Magnonic Crystals

2018 ◽  
pp. 257-281
Author(s):  
Sławomir Mamica
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Magnonic Crystals

scholarly journals Lath Martensite Microstructure Modeling: A High-Resolution Crystal Plasticity Simulation Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Francisco-José Gallardo-Basile ◽  
Yannick Naunheim ◽  
Franz Roters ◽  
Martin Diehl
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Crystal Plasticity ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Austenitic Phase

Lath martensite is a complex hierarchical compound structure that forms during rapid cooling of carbon steels from the austenitic phase. At the smallest, i.e., ‘single crystal’ scale, individual, elongated domains, form the elemental microstructural building blocks: the name-giving laths. Several laths of nearly identical crystallographic orientation are grouped together to blocks, in which–depending on the exact material characteristics–clearly distinguishable subblocks might be observed. Several blocks with the same habit plane together form a packet of which typically three to four together finally make up the former parent austenitic grain. Here, a fully parametrized approach is presented which converts an austenitic polycrystal representation into martensitic microstructures incorporating all these details. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) are generated based on prior austenite microstructure reconstructed from a 2D experimental martensitic microstructure. The RVEs are used for high-resolution crystal plasticity simulations with a fast spectral method-based solver and a phenomenological constitutive description. The comparison of the results obtained from the 2D experimental microstructure and the 2D RVEs reveals a high quantitative agreement. The stress and strain distributions and their characteristics change significantly if 3D microstructures are used. Further simulations are conducted to systematically investigate the influence of microstructural parameters, such as lath aspect ratio, lath volume, subblock thickness, orientation scatter, and prior austenitic grain shape on the global and local mechanical behavior. These microstructural features happen to change the local mechanical behavior, whereas the average stress–strain response is not significantly altered. Correlations between the microstructure and the plastic behavior are established.

Design and Optimization of a Shape Memory Alloy-Based Self-Folding Sheet

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Peraza-Hernandez ◽  
Darren Hartl ◽  
Edgar Galvan ◽  
Richard Malak
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Folding Angle ◽  
The Impact

Origami engineering—the practice of creating useful three-dimensional structures through folding and fold-like operations on two-dimensional building-blocks—has the potential to impact several areas of design and manufacturing. In this article, we study a new concept for a self-folding system. It consists of an active, self-morphing laminate that includes two meshes of thermally-actuated shape memory alloy (SMA) wire separated by a compliant passive layer. The goal of this article is to analyze the folding behavior and examine key engineering tradeoffs associated with the proposed system. We consider the impact of several design variables including mesh wire thickness, mesh wire spacing, thickness of the insulating elastomer layer, and heating power. Response parameters of interest include effective folding angle, maximum von Mises stress in the SMA, maximum temperature in the SMA, maximum temperature in the elastomer, and radius of curvature at the fold line. We identify an optimized physical realization for maximizing folding capability under mechanical and thermal failure constraints. Furthermore, we conclude that the proposed self-folding system is capable of achieving folds of significant magnitude (as measured by the effective folding angle) as required to create useful 3D structures.

A new three-dimensional anionic cadmium(II) dicyanamide network

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1054-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Hui-Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Unit Cell Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Cadmium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Tetrahydrate ◽  
Anionic Framework

A new cadmium dicyanamide complex, poly[tetramethylphosphonium [μ-chlorido-di-μ-dicyanamido-κ4N1:N5-cadmium(II)]], [(CH3)4P][Cd(NCNCN)2Cl], was synthesized by the reaction of tetramethylphosphonium chloride, cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate and sodium dicyanamide in aqueous solution. In the crystal structure, each CdIIatom is octahedrally coordinated by four terminal N atoms from four anionic dicyanamide (dca) ligands and by two chloride ligands. The dicyanamide ligands play two different roles in the building up of the structure; one role results in the formation of [Cd(dca)Cl]2building blocks, while the other links the building blocks into a three-dimensional structure. The anionic framework exhibits a solvent-accessible void of 673.8 Å3, amounting to 47.44% of the total unit-cell volume. The cavities in the network are occupied by pairs of tetramethylphosphonium cations.

scholarly journals Assembly of multicomponent structures from hundreds of micron-scale building blocks using optical tweezers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey E. Melzer ◽  
Euan McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Optical Tweezer ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Critical Process Parameters ◽  
Optical Positioning

AbstractThe fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) microscale structures is critical for many applications, including strong and lightweight material development, medical device fabrication, microrobotics, and photonic applications. While 3D microfabrication has seen progress over the past decades, complex multicomponent integration with small or hierarchical feature sizes is still a challenge. In this study, an optical positioning and linking (OPAL) platform based on optical tweezers is used to precisely fabricate 3D microstructures from two types of micron-scale building blocks linked by biochemical interactions. A computer-controlled interface with rapid on-the-fly automated recalibration routines maintains accuracy even after placing many building blocks. OPAL achieves a 60-nm positional accuracy by optimizing the molecular functionalization and laser power. A two-component structure consisting of 448 1-µm building blocks is assembled, representing the largest number of building blocks used to date in 3D optical tweezer microassembly. Although optical tweezers have previously been used for microfabrication, those results were generally restricted to single-material structures composed of a relatively small number of larger-sized building blocks, with little discussion of critical process parameters. It is anticipated that OPAL will enable the assembly, augmentation, and repair of microstructures composed of specialty micro/nanomaterial building blocks to be used in new photonic, microfluidic, and biomedical devices.

Construction of Three-Dimensional DNA Hydrogels from Linear Building Blocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 126 (32) ◽  
pp. 8468-8472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Nöll ◽  
Holger Schönherr ◽  
Daniel Wesner ◽  
Michael Schopferer ◽  
Thomas Paululat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dna Hydrogels

A New POM-Based Supramolecular Compound: Synthesis, Structure and Adsorptive Property of [Cu(phen)2]3[W6O19]

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 2013-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Bing Liu ◽  
Hong Jie Wang ◽  
Hong Kai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hybrid Compound ◽  
Adsorptive Property ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Compound Synthesis ◽  
Metal Organic

A POM - based organice - inorganic hybrid compound with the chemical formula of[Cu (phen)2]3[W6O19] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) (1) has been hydrothermally synthesized andstructurally characterized by the elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupC2/c witha=18.319(4) Å,b= 17.311(4) Å,c= 22.248(4) Å,β= 112.40(3) o,V= 6523(2) Å3,Z= 4, R1= 0.0448, andwR2=0.1218. Compound 1 consists of the [W6O19]3-building blocks and [Cu (phen)2]+metal organic cationic moieties, which are packed together via the extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular framework. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation with 1 as the heterogeneous adsorbent has been investigated, showing a good adsorptive property of 1 for MB degradation.

Efficient Synthetic Strategy to Construct Three-Dimensional 4f−5d Networks Using Neutral Two-Dimensional Layers As Building Blocks

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (13) ◽  
pp. 5971-5976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Zhou ◽  
Ai-Hua Yuan ◽  
Su-Yan Qian ◽  
You Song ◽  
Guo-Wang Diao
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Strategy

Three-dimensional roselike α-Ni(OH)2 assembled from nanosheet building blocks for non-enzymatic glucose detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Lu ◽  
Yuting Lei ◽  
Shengjun Lu ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Qibin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Glucose Detection

scholarly journals BESTest for Integrated Outdoor-Indoor Energy Balance Modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bakkali ◽  
Yasunobu Ashie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

In our growing cities, climate change and energy related uncertainties are of great concern. The impact of the Urban Heat Island on comfort, health and the way we use energy still requires further clarification. The outdoor-indoor energy balance model (3D-City Irradiance) presented in this article was developed so as to address these issues. The effects of view factors between urban surfaces on three-dimensional radiation and the effects of fully integrated outdoor-indoor energy balance schemes on heat islands and building indoor thermal loads could be included within different building blocks at a resolution of several metres. The model operated under the ‘stand alone’ mode. It was tested using the Building Energy Simulation Test (BESTest) which demonstrated good levels of agreement for diurnal and seasonal simulations.

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