scholarly journals Extreme Dependence Models

2016 ◽  
pp. 345-372
2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Danesh Miah ◽  
Mohammad Shaheed Hossain Chowdhury

The traditional utilization of forest products by theMro tribe was explored in the Bandarban region,Bangladesh. The dependence of the tribe on foods, fruits,energy, and timber derived from the neighbouring forests was determined in this study, which also focused on their cultural festivals based on forest plants. The results reveal an extreme dependence of the Mro tribe on forest products.


2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042091631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Deng ◽  
Zhengjun Zhang

Extreme haze was often observed at many locations in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region within several hours when they occurred, which is referred to as extreme co-movements and extreme dependence in statistics. This article applies tail quotient correlation coefficient to explore the temporal and spatial extreme dependence patterns of haze in this region. Hourly PM2.5 station-level data during 2014–2018 are used, and the results show that the tail quotient correlation coefficient between stations increases with month. Specifically, the simultaneous extreme dependence was strong in the fourth season, while the haze was severe. In the first season, while the haze was also severe, the extreme hazes only show strong co-movements with a time difference. These observations lead to the study of two special scenarios, that is, the concurrence/extreme dependence of the worst extreme haze and its lag effects. City clusters suffering simultaneous extreme haze or with certain time difference as well as the most frequently co-movement cities are identified. The extreme co-movements of these cities and the reasons for their occurrences have strong implications for improving the PM2.5 joint prevention and control in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The importance of lag effects is also reflected in the precedence order of the extreme haze’s appearance. It is especially useful when setting the mechanism of the early warning system which can be triggered by the first appearance of extreme haze. The precedence orders also avail in investigating the transmission path of the haze, based on which more precise meteorological models can be made to benefit the haze forecasting of the region.


1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Cohen

From the onset of industrial capitalism in Latin America, urban workers have been dependent on the state. This is particularly true in Brazil, where urban workers are still in a situation of extreme dependence on the state. Thus, the Brazilian setting provides an ideal opportunity for the study of the consciousness of dependent workers as well as an important point of reference for comparative study of working-class consciousness. This paper outlines the general characteristics of the situation of state-dependent workers in Latin America, with special attention to the Brazilian worker, in order to show how their dependence is reflected in their consciousness. The evidence for our interpretation is based on the attitudes of 617 urban workers who are part of a larger probability sample of the population in central and southeast Brazil.


2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Lescourret ◽  
Christian Y. Robert
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 2417-2443
Author(s):  
Neil Thakral ◽  
Linh T. Tô

This paper provides field evidence on how reference points adjust, a degree of freedom in reference-dependence models. Examining this in the context of cabdrivers’ daily labor-supply behavior, we ask how the within-day timing of earnings affects decisions. Drivers work less in response to higher accumulated income, with a strong effect for recent earnings that gradually diminishes for earlier earnings. We estimate a structural model in which drivers work toward a reference point that adjusts to deviations from expected earnings with a lag. This dynamic view of reference dependence reconciles conflicting “neoclassical” and “behavioral” interpretations of evidence on daily labor-supply decisions. (JEL J22, J31, L94)


2019 ◽  
pp. 111-153
Author(s):  
Justin Yifu Lin ◽  
Célestin Monga

This chapter analyzes the mechanics of failure and the secrets of economic success. Cesar Luis Menotti's strategy's main ingredients could serve as a metaphor for the basic argument in the chapter: any low-income country can achieve sustained and inclusive growth if it properly identifies its endowment structure and uses its most competitive factors to exploit its comparative advantage. The chapter starts with a presentation of the standard model of stabilization and structural adjustment, which has come to dominate development thinking and policy across the world and has survived several decades of critical research. It then explores reasons why the model has endured despite criticism from across the ideological spectrum, especially in the 1980s and 1990s. It also offers an analysis of why traditional policy frameworks derived from the standard model often do not yield results, and it stresses the need to focus growth strategies on coordination and externalities. The chapter ends with a discussion of one of the main side effects of the standard model and its growth prescriptions: the extreme dependence on foreign aid by many low-income economies, especially those in Africa.


2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-xia XU ◽  
Yong-quan Dong

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