Assessing Study Quality

2015 ◽  
pp. 113-126
Keyword(s):  
Study Quality

Clinical Music Study Quality Assessment Scale

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Jaschke ◽  
Laura H. P. Eggermont ◽  
Sylka Uhlig ◽  
Erik J. A. Scherder
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Music Study ◽  
Study Quality Assessment

Removing Self-stigma: The Successes of People with Schizophrenia in Removing Self-stigma Through Self-control

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciscus Adi Prasetyo ◽  
Jajang Gunawijaya
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Depth Interviews

Self-stigma experienced by people who experience schizophrenia has influence on reduced self-esteem, on powerlessness, the weakening of hope, and a motivation towards recovery. The aim of this study is to explain the efforts of people suffering schizophrenia to manage their self-stigma through self-control, using a case study approach. Based on the purposive sampling technique, five people with schizophrenia were selected as the cases to be studied. Data collection techniques utilized in-depth interviews, observation, and documentary studies. The analysis of the study data employed the stages of data reduction, data display, and data verification. Improvement in study quality employed the triangulation of data sources by checking the data to determine its consistency. The results of this study indicate that people with schizophrenia who have the ability to self-control can overcome self-stigma through changes in the manner of viewing themselves, self-training through activities, having endurance, having an honest approach, being able to explain schizophrenia from a positive viewpoint, having initiative, and having a positive attitude and the courage to face challenges.

scholarly journals Pooled estimate of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeline Jeyakumar ◽  
Vidhya Shinde ◽  
Reshma Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Women In India

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women is a public health concern globally. In India, individual studies report high prevalence. However, lack of national data masks the true burden. This work determined the pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis. Methods Three different search engines yielded 15 eligible articles. Study quality was assessed by 10 different criteria and summary of study quality was categorized as per Cochrane standards. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy pregnant women and heterogeneity among selected studies. A sample of n = 4088 was used to study the pooled prevalence among pregnant women. Results The random effects combined estimate was 32.35% (95% CI, (12.58–117.48). High heterogeneity (tau2 = 0.39, I2 = 100%) and high risk of bias was observed among the selected studies. The test for overall effect was observed to be z = 2.54(P = 0.01). Conclusion Pooled estimate > 30% emphasizes the need for screening through antenatal care services and initiate preventive measures to address the deficiency.

scholarly journals Differentiating PSP from MSA using MR planimetric measurements: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Heim ◽  
Florian Krismer ◽  
Klaus Seppi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Parkinsonian Syndromes ◽  
Quantitative Mr ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Planimetric Measurements

AbstractDifferential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes is considered one of the most challenging in neurology. Quantitative MR planimetric measurements were reported to discriminate between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and non-PSP-parkinsonism. Several studies have used midbrain to pons ratio (M/P) and the Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) in distinguishing PSP patients from those with Parkinson's disease. The current meta-analysis aimed to compare the performance of these measures in discriminating PSP from multiple system atrophy (MSA). A systematic MEDLINE review identified 59 out of 2984 studies allowing a calculation of sensitivity and specificity using the MRPI or M/P. Meta-analyses of results were carried out using random effects modelling. To assess study quality and risk of bias, the QUADAS-2 tool was used. Eight studies were suitable for analysis. The meta‐analysis showed a pooled sensitivity and specificity for the MRPI of PSP versus MSA of 79.2% (95% CI 72.7–84.4%) and 91.2% (95% CI 79.5–96.5%), and 84.1% (95% CI 77.2–89.2%) and 89.2% (95% CI 81.8–93.8%), respectively, for the M/P. The QUADAS-2 toolbox revealed a high risk of bias regarding the methodological quality of patient selection and index test, as all patients were seen in a specialized outpatient department without avoiding case control design and no predefined threshold was given regarding MRPI or M/P cut-offs. Planimetric brainstem measurements, in special the MRPI and M/P, yield high diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination of PSP from MSA. However, there is an urgent need for well-designed, prospective validation studies to ameliorate the concerns regarding the risk of bias.

Venous leg symptoms, ecchymosis, and coldness in patients with peripheral varicose vein: A multicenter assessment and validation study (VEIN-VIOLET study)

Vascular ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 170853812098020
Author(s):  
Ertan Yetkin ◽  
Makbule Kutlu Karadag ◽  
Mehmet Ileri ◽  
Ramazan Atak ◽  
Nevzat Erdil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Independent Association

Objectives We aimed to evaluate peripheral varicose vein symptoms including ecchymosis and coldness by using the Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study-Quality of Life/Symptoms (VEINES-QoL/Sym) questionnaire. Methods A total of 1120 patients were enrolled to the analysis after the exclusion of 199 patients who did not match the inclusion criteria. Patients were asked to answer the VEINES-Sym questionnaire and questions about ecchymosis and coldness. Scores of ecchymosis and coldness were calculated similar to VEINES-Sym questionnaire. Classifications of peripheral varicose vein were made according to the clinical part of clinical, etiological, anatomical, and pathophysiological classification system and patients with grade 2 or higher were considered as positive for peripheral varicose vein. Results Frequency of symptoms present in the VEINES-Sym instrument, ecchymosis and coldness were significantly higher in patients with peripheral varicose vein. Mean score of each symptom was significantly lower in peripheral varicose vein patients including scores of ecchymosis and coldness. Logistic regression analysis revealed that presence of hemorrhoids and all symptoms in VEINES-Sym questionnaire except restless leg were significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. Besides, ecchymosis (odds ratio: 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.34–3.08, p = 0.008) but not coldness was significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. There was also significant correlation of VEINES-Sym score with ecchymosis ( r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and coldness ( r = 0.47, p < 0.001). Conclusions Venous leg symptoms present in VEINES-Sym questionnaire except restless legs, presence of hemorrhoids and ecchymosis are significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. Not only ecchymosis but also coldness has shown an independent association with total VEINES-Sym score.

scholarly journals Effective Elements for Workplace Responses to Critical Incidents and Suicide: A Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4821
Author(s):  
Tania Pearce ◽  
Lyndal Bugeja ◽  
Sarah Wayland ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Training Module ◽  
Critical Response ◽  
Response Training ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
And Training

Despite high rates of critical incidents (CIs) in working class occupations, there is a significant gap in our understanding of responses to these events. In this study, we aimed to inform a response training module by synthesising the key elements of pre-, during- and post-incident responses to CIs and suicide in the workplace. A rapid review identified studies on responses to CIs or suicide deaths in the workplace published between January 2015 and June 2020. A systematic search of six databases (Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Sociology Collection, Academic Search and Business Search Complete) and grey literature was performed. Studies were excluded if the focus was on non-colleagues. Two reviewers independently conducted record screening, a review of the full text and assessed study quality. The existing evidence was synthesised and interventions were categorised using Haddon’s Matrix. Five studies were included, reporting on CIs across a range of workplace settings, including railways, factories, police and military, along with external critical response units. Overall, study quality was assessed as being poor. Most of the evidence focused on the pre-incident and post-incident stage. There is little evidence on responses to CIs in the workplace. Evidence-based education and training is necessary to establish organisational responses to assist with supporting workers exposed to workplace CIs.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequalities in Dietary Intake in Chile: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
María Jesús Vega-Salas ◽  
Paola Caro ◽  
Laura Johnson ◽  
Angeliki Papadaki
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Chilean Population

Objective: Understanding the socioeconomic inequalities in dietary intake is crucial when addressing the socioeconomic gradient in obesity rates and non-communicable diseases. We aimed to systematically assess the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and dietary intake in Chile. Design: We searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature from inception until 31st December 2019 in PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Sciences and LILACS databases. Observational studies published in English and Spanish, reporting the comparison of at least one dietary factor between at least two groups of different SEP in the general Chilean population, were selected. Two researchers independently conducted data searches, screening, extraction and assessed study quality using an adaptation of the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: Twenty-one articles (from 18 studies) were included. Study quality was considered low, medium, and high for 24, 52 and 24% of articles, respectively. Moderate-to-large associations indicated lower intake of fruit and vegetables, dairy products and fish/seafood and higher pulses consumption among adults of lower SEP. Variable evidence of association was found for energy intake and macronutrients, in both children and adults. Conclusions: Our findings highlight some socioeconomic inequalities in diets in Chile, evidencing an overall less healthy food consumption among the lower SEP groups. New policies to reduce these inequalities should tackle the unequal distribution of factors affecting healthy eating among the lower SEP groups. These findings also provide important insights for developing strategies to reduce dietary inequalities in Chile and other countries that have undergone similar nutritional transitions.

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