Community Risk Implications

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-70
Author(s):  
Damon Coppola
Keyword(s):  
Community Risk

Mediating structures of community risk for adolescents in military bases

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yasuda ◽  
R. Whitlock ◽  
J. Leitzel ◽  
B. Lubin
Keyword(s):  
Military Bases ◽  
Community Risk ◽  
Mediating Structures

scholarly journals Potential of community-based risk estimates for improving hospital performance measures and discharge planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e001230
Author(s):  
Michael Reid ◽  
George Kephart ◽  
Pantelis Andreou ◽  
Alysia Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Planning ◽  
Care Transitions ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospital Performance ◽  
Case Mix ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Community Risk ◽  
Effect Regression

BackgroundRisk-adjusted rates of hospital readmission are a common indicator of hospital performance. There are concerns that current risk-adjustment methods do not account for the many factors outside the hospital setting that can affect readmission rates. Not accounting for these external factors could result in hospitals being unfairly penalized when they discharge patients to communities that are less able to support care transitions and disease management. While incorporating adjustments for the myriad of social and economic factors outside of the hospital setting could improve the accuracy of readmission rates as a performance measure, doing so has limited feasibility due to the number of potential variables and the paucity of data to measure them. This paper assesses a practical approach to addressing this problem: using mixed-effect regression models to estimate case-mix adjusted risk of readmission by community of patients’ residence (community risk of readmission) as a complementary performance indicator to hospital readmission rates.MethodsUsing hospital discharge data and mixed-effect regression models with a random intercept for community, we assess if case-mix adjusted community risk of readmission can be useful as a quality indicator for community-based care. Our outcome of interest was an unplanned repeat hospitalisation. Our primary exposure was community of residence.ResultsCommunity of residence is associated with case-mix adjusted risk of unplanned repeat hospitalisation. Community risk of readmission can be estimated and mapped as indicators of the ability of communities to support both care transitions and long-term disease management.ConclusionContextualising readmission rates through a community lens has the potential to help hospitals and policymakers improve discharge planning, reduce penalties to hospitals, and most importantly, provide higher quality care to the people that they serve.

scholarly journals Internet-Based Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections to Reach Nonclinic Populations in the Community: Risk Factors for Infection in Men

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shua J. Chai ◽  
Bulbulgul Aumakhan ◽  
Mathilda Barnes ◽  
Mary Jett-Goheen ◽  
Nicole Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Community Risk ◽  
Community Risk Factors

scholarly journals Clinical and community risk models of incident tooth loss in postmenopausal women from the Buffalo Osteo Perio Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bole ◽  
Jean Wactawski-Wende ◽  
Kathleen M. Hovey ◽  
Robert J. Genco ◽  
Ernest Hausmann
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Community Risk

Heterogeneity in norovirus shedding duration affects community risk

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
pp. 1572-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. MILBRATH ◽  
I. H. SPICKNALL ◽  
J. L. ZELNER ◽  
C. L. MOE ◽  
J. N. S. EISENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Duration Data ◽  
Community Risk ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYNorovirus is a common cause of gastroenteritis in all ages. Typical infections cause viral shedding periods of days to weeks, but some individuals can shed for months or years. Most norovirus risk models do not include these long-shedding individuals, and may therefore underestimate risk. We reviewed the literature for norovirus-shedding duration data and stratified these data into two distributions: regular shedding (mean 14–16 days) and long shedding (mean 105–136 days). These distributions were used to inform a norovirus transmission model that predicts the impact of long shedders. Our transmission model predicts that this subpopulation increases the outbreak potential (measured by the reproductive number) by 50–80%, the probability of an outbreak by 33%, the severity of transmission (measured by the attack rate) by 20%, and transmission duration by 100%. Characterizing and understanding shedding duration heterogeneity can provide insights into community transmission that can be useful in mitigating norovirus risk.

scholarly journals Parenting matters: Moderation of biological and community risk for obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Gartstein ◽  
Erich Seamon ◽  
Stephanie F. Thompson ◽  
Liliana J. Lengua
Keyword(s):  
Community Risk
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