Regenerative Medicine, the Induction of Bone Formation, Bone Tissue Engineering, and the Osteogenic Proteins of the Transforming Growth Factor-β Supergene Family

2015 ◽  
pp. 15-46
Author(s):  
Ugo Ripamonti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Supergene Family

scholarly journals A novel gelatin/chitooligosaccharide/demineralized bone matrix composite scaffold and periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thakoon Thitiset ◽  
Siriporn Damrongsakkul ◽  
Supansa Yodmuang ◽  
Wilairat Leeanansaksiri ◽  
Jirun Apinun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Alp Activity

Abstract Background A novel biodegradable scaffold including gelatin (G), chitooligosaccharide (COS), and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) could play a significant part in bone tissue engineering. The present study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of composite scaffolds in combination of G, COS, and DBM for in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal bioassays. Methods Three-dimensional scaffolds from the mixture of G, COS, and DBM were fabricated into 3 groups, namely, G, GC, and GCD using a lyophilization technique. The scaffolds were cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for 4 weeks to determine biological responses such as cell attachment and cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, cell morphology, and cell surface elemental composition. For the in vivo bioassay, G, GC, and GCD, acellular scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in 8-week-old male Wistar rats for 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The explants were assessed for new bone formation using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and von Kossa staining. Results The MSCs could attach and proliferate on all three groups of scaffolds. Interestingly, the ALP activity of MSCs reached the greatest value on day 7 after cultured on the scaffolds, whereas the calcium assay displayed the highest level of calcium in MSCs on day 28. Furthermore, weight percentages of calcium and phosphorus on the surface of MSCs after cultivation on the GCD scaffolds increased when compared to those on other scaffolds. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that MSCs attached and proliferated on the scaffold surface thoroughly over the cultivation time. Mineral crystal aggregation was evident in GC and greatly in GCD scaffolds. H&E staining illustrated that G, GC, and GCD scaffolds displayed osteoid after 4 weeks of implantation and von Kossa staining confirmed the mineralization at 8 weeks in G, GC, and GCD scaffolds. Conclusion The MSCs cultured in GCD scaffolds revealed greater osteogenic differentiation than those cultured in G and GC scaffolds. Additionally, the G, GC, and GCD scaffolds could promote in vivo ectopic bone formation in rat model. The GCD scaffolds exhibited maximum osteoinductive capability compared with others and may be potentially used for bone regeneration.

Growth factor-eluting technologies for bone tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Nyberg ◽  
Christina Holmes ◽  
Timothy Witham ◽  
Warren L. Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue

Electrical impedance spectroscopy – a potential method for the study and monitoring of a bone critical-size defect healing process treated with bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 2757-2767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kozhevnikov ◽  
Xiaolu Hou ◽  
Shupei Qiao ◽  
Yufang Zhao ◽  
Chunfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Critical Size Defect ◽  
Critical Size Defects

The development of strategies of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been drawing considerable attention to treat bone critical-size defects (CSDs).

scholarly journals Comparison of the Anabolic Effects of Reported Osteogenic Compounds on Human Mesenchymal Progenitor-Derived Osteoblasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Owen ◽  
Hossein Bahmaee ◽  
Frederik Claeyssens ◽  
Gwendolen C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Osteoporosis Treatment ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Alp Activity

There is variability in the reported effects of compounds on osteoblasts arising from differences in experimental design and choice of cell type/origin. This makes it difficult to discern a compound’s action outside its original study and compare efficacy between compounds. Here, we investigated five compounds frequently reported as anabolic for osteoblasts (17β-estradiol (oestrogen), icariin, lactoferrin, lithium chloride, and menaquinone-4 (MK-4)) on human mesenchymal progenitors to assess their potential for bone tissue engineering with the aim of identifying a potential alternative to expensive recombinant growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Experiments were performed using the same culture conditions to allow direct comparison. The concentrations of compounds spanned two orders of magnitude to encompass the reported efficacious range and were applied continuously for 22 days. The effects on the proliferation (resazurin reduction and DNA quantification), osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity), and mineralised matrix deposition (calcium and collagen quantification) were assessed. Of these compounds, only 10 µM MK-4 stimulated a significant anabolic response with 50% greater calcium deposition. Oestrogen and icariin had no significant effects, with the exception of 1 µM icariin, which increased the metabolic activity on days 8 and 22. 1000 µg/mL of lactoferrin and 10 mM lithium chloride both significantly reduced the mineralised matrix deposition in comparison to the vehicle control, despite the ALP activity being higher in lithium chloride-treated cells at day 15. This demonstrates that MK-4 is the most powerful stimulant of bone formation in hES-MPs of the compounds investigated, highlighting its potential in bone tissue engineering as a method of promoting bone formation, as well as its prospective use as an osteoporosis treatment.

Analysis of the Dynamics of Bone Formation, Effect of Cell Seeding Density, and Potential of Allogeneic Cells in Cell-Based Bone Tissue Engineering in Goats

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moyo Kruyt ◽  
Joost de Bruijn ◽  
Jeroen Rouwkema ◽  
Clemens van Blitterswijk ◽  
Cumhur Oner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Cell Seeding ◽  
Cell Seeding Density
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