Enhancement of maternal recognition of pregnancy with parthenogenetic embryos in bovine embryo transfer

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Hirayama ◽  
Satoru Moriyasu ◽  
Soichi Kageyama ◽  
Ken Sawai ◽  
Hitomi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy ◽  
Parthenogenetic Embryos

scholarly journals Prostaglandin E(2) and F(2 alpha) production by equine conceptuses and concentrations in conceptus fluids and uterine flushings recovered from early pregnant and dioestrous mares

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Stout ◽  
WR Allen
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Uterine Lumen ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Alpha Production ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy ◽  
Very High

A growing equine conceptus must suppress the cyclical release of PGF(2 alpha) from the endometrium to effect maternal recognition of its presence in the uterus. Paradoxically, the conceptus itself secretes PGF(2 alpha), together with other prostaglandins. In this study, the PGF(2 alpha) and PGE(2) content of, and production in vitro by, day 10-32 equine conceptuses were measured and the influence of pregnancy on the concentrations of these prostaglandins in the uterine lumen was examined. In vitro, the release of both prostaglandins per mg conceptus tissue was very high on day 10 after ovulation and lower thereafter. However, while PGF(2 alpha) production decreased further after day 18 of gestation, PGE(2) production remained high until day 32. Prostaglandin concentrations in yolk sac fluid were unaffected by gestational age and PGE(2) concentrations in this compartment were two to five times higher than PGF(2a) concentrations. PGF(2 alpha) concentrations reached high values in uterine flushings recovered from cyclic mares during days 14-16 after ovulation, the expected time of luteolysis, but were negligible in flushings recovered from pregnant mares at this time. Beyond day 18 of gestation, PGF(2 alpha) concentrations in uterine flushings were high and strikingly similar to those recorded during cyclical luteolysis. It is concluded that the equine conceptus effects maternal recognition of pregnancy primarily by inhibiting the ability of the endometrium to release PGF(2 alpha) during days 12-16 after ovulation. However, the conceptus appears to delay, rather than prevent, the development of the uterine PGF(2 alpha) release pathway and an alternative mechanism must prevent luteolysis from being triggered during days 18-32 of gestation.

scholarly journals Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in the Horse: Are MicroRNAs the Secret Messengers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Smits ◽  
Yannick Gansemans ◽  
Laurentijn Tilleman ◽  
Filip Van Nieuwerburgh ◽  
Margot Van De Velde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Steroid Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy ◽  
And Control

The signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) has still not been identified in the horse. High-throughput molecular biology at the embryo–maternal interface has substantially contributed to the knowledge on pathways affected during MRP, but an integrated study in which proteomics, transcriptomics and miRNA expression can be linked directly is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to provide such analysis. Endometrial biopsies, uterine fluid, embryonic tissues, and yolk sac fluid were collected 13 days after ovulation during pregnant and control cycles from the same mares. Micro-RNA-Sequencing was performed on all collected samples, mRNA-Sequencing on the same tissue samples and mass spectrometry was conducted previously on the same fluid samples. Differential expression of miRNA, mRNA and proteins showed high conformity with literature and confirmed involvement in pregnancy establishment, embryo quality, steroid synthesis and prostaglandin regulation, but the link between differential miRNAs and their targets was limited and did not indicate the identity of an unequivocal signal for MRP in the horse. Differential expression at the embryo–maternal interface was prominent, highlighting a potential role of miRNAs in embryo–maternal communication during early pregnancy in the horse. These data provide a strong basis for future targeted studies.

Cell type-specific endometrial transcriptome changes during maternal recognition of pregnancy in the mare

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 103066
Author(s):  
A. Rudolf Vegas ◽  
G. Podico ◽  
I.F. Canisso ◽  
N. Borel ◽  
H. Bollwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy

scholarly journals Role of Luteal Glucocorticoid Metabolism during Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in Women

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 5769-5779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Myers ◽  
M. Christy Lamont ◽  
Sander van den Driesche ◽  
Nirmala Mary ◽  
K. Joo Thong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Steroidogenic Cell ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy

The human corpus luteum (hCL) is an active, transient, and dynamic endocrine gland. It will experience extensive tissue and vascular remodeling followed by 1) demise of the whole gland without any apparent scarring or 2) maintenance of structural and functional integrity dependent on conceptus-derived human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Because cortisol has well-characterized roles in tissue remodeling and repair, we hypothesized that it may have a role in controlling luteal dissolution during luteolysis and would be locally produced toward the end of the luteal cycle. Glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzymes [11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) types 1 and 2] and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) were assessed in hCL and cultures of luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) using immunofluorescence and quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, the effect of cortisol on steroidogenic cell survival and fibroblast-like cell activity was explored in vitro. The hCL expressed 11βHSD isoenzymes in LGC and nuclear GR in several cell types. hCG up-regulated the expression and activity of 11βHSD type 1 (P < 0.05) and down-regulated type 2 enzyme (P < 0.05) in vitro and tended to do the same in vivo. Cortisol increased the survival of LGC treated with RU486 (P < 0.05) and suppressed the activity of a proteolytic enzyme associated with luteolysis in fibroblast-like cells (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that, rather than during luteolysis, it is luteal rescue with hCG that is associated with increased local cortisol generation by 11βHSD type 1. Locally generated cortisol may therefore act on the hCL through GR to have a luteotropic role in the regulation of luteal tissue remodeling during maternal recognition of pregnancy.

scholarly journals The role of embryo contact and focal adhesions during maternal recognition of pregnancy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0213322 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Klohonatz ◽  
L. C. Nulton ◽  
A. M. Hess ◽  
G. J. Bouma ◽  
J. E. Bruemmer
Keyword(s):  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy

Ovine Cyclophilin B is down-regulated during the Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. A339-A339
Author(s):  
K. P. Lawes ◽  
D. A. L. Shepherd ◽  
D. Savva
Keyword(s):  
Cyclophilin B ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy

Protein production by sheep embryos during the period of maternal recognition of pregnancy

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Manns ◽  
P. J. Lewing
Keyword(s):  
Protein Production ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Sephadex Column ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
The Media ◽  
Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy ◽  
Molecular Weight Fractions

An embryo must be present in the uterus 12–13 days after estrus to prevent regression of the ovine corpus luteum. The present experiments were designed to determine if embryo-specific secretory proteins could be detected in the maternal blood at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy. In two experiments, 92 embryos were flushed from 47 ewes at 14–15 days after estrus. Embryos were incubated in vitro for 24 h and the proteins in the media were harvested. Antisera to proteins in both flushing and incubation medium were produced in rabbits. In experiment 1, crude fractions were used for antibody production and radioimmunoassays were established for protein peaks separated on a 1.1 × 75 cm G-100 Sephadex column. Two low molecular weight fractions (EPiv and EPv) appeared to be embryo specific but were not detectable in jugular vein sera of 14- to 15-day pregnant animals. In experiment 2, proteins derived from uterine flushes and from embryo incubations were chromatographed on a 2.5 × 85 cm column of G-100 Sephadex. The protein peaks were measured, pooled, lyophilized, and used for immunization of rabbits. As in experiment 1, antisera were generated, some of which seemed to be directed against embryo-specific proteins. However, we could not detect these fractions in the uterine vein blood of pregnant animals. Thus, embryo-specific proteins are either confined to the uterus or they appear in the blood in quantities that are undetectable with our assay system.

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