Cardiovascular Responses to Body Fluid Imbalance

2016 ◽  
pp. 61-81
Author(s):  
Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez ◽  
Juan F. Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses

Fluid volumes and pressor responsiveness in two-kidney rabbits with renal artery stenosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (5) ◽  
pp. H779-H787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Johnson ◽  
K. D. Kurz ◽  
S. Siripaisarnpipat ◽  
D. W. Zeigler ◽  
C. G. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Pressor Responses

This study examined body fluid volumes, the pressor responses to norepinephrine (NE), and the cardiovascular responses to NE before and during infusion of an angiotensin II (ANG II) antagonist in two-kidney rabbits with unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) of 3 and 30 day duration. Three separate experiments were performed. In the first experiment, plasma volume, extracellular fluid volume, and total body water were measured by the distribution volumes of radioiodinated serum albumin, 35SO4, and tritiated water, respectively. No differences were seen for any of these volumes between the 3- or 30-day RAS rabbits and their controls. In the second experiment, pressor responses to infusions of several doses of NE were examined; rabbits with 3- and 30-day RAS had exaggerated pressor responses to all doses of NE when compared with the control rabbits. In the third experiment, infusion of NE at 800 ng.min-1.kg body wt-1 resulted in more pronounced increases in mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance (TPR) in the 3- and 30-day RAS rabbits than in the controls; after infusion of [Sar1-Ile8] ANG II the increases in mean arterial pressure and TPR during NE infusion were blunted and were of the same magnitude as in the control group. In all experiments the 30-day RAS rabbits were hypertensive, whereas the 3-day RAS rabbits were normotensive; also, plasma renin activity (PRA) values were normal in both the 3- and 30-day RAS groups. These studies demonstrated that increases in body fluid volumes are not necessary for pressor and vascular hyperresponsiveness probably is mediated by ANG II, despite normal PRA values.

Equation of state for hard convex body fluid mixtures

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. BARRIO ◽  
J.R. SOLANA
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Convex Body ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Mixtures

In Search of Somatic Precursors of Spontaneous Insight

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangbing Shen ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Chaoying Tang ◽  
Chunhua Shi ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Creative Insight ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Analytic Problem

Abstract. A considerable number of behavioral and neuroscientific studies on insight problem solving have revealed behavioral and neural correlates of the dynamic insight process; however, somatic correlates, particularly somatic precursors of creative insight, remain undetermined. To characterize the somatic precursor of spontaneous insight, 22 healthy volunteers were recruited to solve the compound remote associate (CRA) task in which a problem can be solved by either an insight or an analytic strategy. The participants’ peripheral nervous activities, particularly electrodermal and cardiovascular responses, were continuously monitored and separately measured. The results revealed a greater skin conductance magnitude for insight trials than for non-insight trials in the 4-s time span prior to problem solutions and two marginally significant correlations between pre-solution heart rate variability (HRV) and the solution time of insight trials. Our findings provide the first direct evidence that spontaneous insight in problem solving is a somatically peculiar process that is distinct from the stepwise process of analytic problem solving and can be represented by a special somatic precursor, which is a stronger pre-solution electrodermal activity and a correlation between problem solution time and certain HRV indicators such as the root mean square successive difference (RMSSD).

The role of compassionate love in shaping psychological, behavioral, and cardiovascular responses to a partner in distress

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Ann Metz ◽  
Heidi Kane ◽  
Thery Prok ◽  
Christena Cleveland ◽  
Nancy Collins
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Compassionate Love

Anger and threat cardiovascular responses to interactions with a prejudiced other

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah S. M. Townsend ◽  
Pamela J. Sawyer ◽  
Bettina J. Casad ◽  
Brenda Major ◽  
Wendy Berry Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Responses

Fast Foes: The affective consequences of interacting in a negative self-disclosure situation.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gordils ◽  
Jeremy Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Affective Consequences

Background and Objectives: Social interactions involving personal disclosures are ubiquitous in social life and have important relational implications. A large body of research has documented positive outcomes from fruitful social interactions with amicable individuals, but less is known about how self-disclosing interactions with inimical interaction partners impacts individuals. Design and Methods: Participants engaged in an immersive social interaction task with a confederate (thought to be another participant) trained to behave amicably (Fast Friends) or inimically (Fast Foes). Cardiovascular responses were measured during the interaction and behavioral displays coded. Participants also reported on their subjective experiences of the interaction. Results: Participants assigned to interact in the Fast Foes condition reported more negative affect and threat appraisals, displayed more negative behaviors (i.e., agitation and anxiety), and exhibited physiological threat responses (and lower cardiac output in particular) compared to participants assigned to the Fast Friends condition. Conclusions: The novel paradigm demonstrates differential stress and affective outcomes between positive and negative self-disclosure situations across multiple channels, providing a more nuanced understanding of the processes associated with disclosing information about the self in social contexts.

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