Effects of inorganic ions on phosphorus removal with Fe/Mn oxide formed in situ by KMnO4-Fe2+ process

2015 ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
K Liu ◽  
J Sun ◽  
T Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Mn Oxide

Vapor-phase Oxidation of Cyclohexane over Supported Fe-Mn Catalysts: In-Situ DRIFTS studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Taraknath Das
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
In Situ Drifts ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Phase Oxidation

Alumina-supported Fe-Mn oxide catalysts were synthesized by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by using various characterization techniques such as surface area, XRD, H2-TPR, and Raman spectra...

scholarly journals Population Structure and Morphotype Analysis of “CandidatusAccumulibacter” Using FluorescenceIn SituHybridization-Staining-Flow Cytometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Wei Zeng ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Yongzhen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Total Bacteria

ABSTRACT“CandidatusAccumulibacter” is the dominant polyphosphate-accumulating organism (PAO) in denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) systems. In order to investigate the community structure and clade morphotypes of “CandidatusAccumulibacter” in DPR systems through flow cytometry (FCM), denitrifying phosphorus removal of almost 100% using nitrite and nitrate as the electron acceptor was achieved in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). An optimal method of flow cytometry combined with fluorescencein situhybridization and SYBR green I staining (FISH-staining-flow cytometry) was developed to quantify PAOs in DPR systems. By setting the width value of FCM, bacterial cells in a sludge sample were divided into three groups in different morphotypes, namely, coccus, coccobacillus, and bacillus. Average percentages that the three different PAO populations accounted for among total bacteria from SBR1 (SBR2) were 42% (45%), 14% (13%), and 4% (2%). FCM showed that the ratios of PAOs to total bacteria in the two reactors were 61% and 59%, and the quantitative PCR (qPCR) results indicated that IIC was the dominant “CandidatusAccumulibacter” clade in both denitrifying phosphorus removal systems, reaching 50% of the total “CandidatusAccumulibacter” bacteria. The subdominant clade in the reactor with nitrite as the electron acceptor was IID, accounting for 31% of the total “CandidatusAccumulibacter” bacteria. The FCM and qPCR results suggested that clades IIC and IID were both coccus, clade IIF was coccobacillus, and clade IA was bacillus. FISH analysis also indicated that PAOs were major cocci in the systems. An equivalence test of FCM-based quantification confirmed the accuracy of FISH-staining-flow cytometry, which can meet the quantitative requirements for PAOs in complex activated sludge samples.IMPORTANCEAs one group of the most important functional phosphorus removal organisms, “CandidatusAccumulibacter,” affiliated with theRhodocyclusgroup of theBetaproteobacteria, is a widely recognized and studied PAO in the field of biological wastewater treatment. The morphotypes and population structure of clade-level “CandidatusAccumulibacter” were studied through novel FISH-staining-flow cytometry, which involved denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) achieving carbon and energy savings and simultaneous removal of N and P, thus inferring the different denitrifying phosphorus removal abilities of these clades. Additionally, based on this method,in situquantification for specific polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) enables a more efficient process and more accurate result. The establishment of FISH-staining-flow cytometry makes cell sorting of clade-level noncultivated organisms available.

In situ synchrotron X-ray studies on copper–nickel 5 V Mn oxide spinel cathodes for Li-ion batteries

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (20) ◽  
pp. 3373-3382 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mukerjee ◽  
X.Q Yang ◽  
X Sun ◽  
S.J Lee ◽  
J McBreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Oxide Spinel ◽  
Li Ion

scholarly journals Absorption of inorganic ions and volatile fatty acids in the rabbit caecum

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Leng
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Electrolyte Absorption

1. Rabbit caecal segments in situ were used to measure absorption rates of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and inorganic ions from a saline solution comparable in composition to normal caecal fluid.2. Results confirm the importance of VFA absorption from caecal material found by other workers.3. Like the mammalian colon, the rabbit caecum conserved large amounts of sodium, chloride and water. Bicarbonate was also absorbed.4. VFA replacement studies showed that net water absorption was reduced, net electrolyte absorption was hardly influenced.5. Na replacement completely inhibited net water absorption and decreased net VFA and Cl absorption, HCO3 was heavily secreted.6. These findings indicate that VFA absorption in the rabbit caecum is partly dependent on Na absorption and that in the absence of Na an anion-exchange mechanism occurs.

Applicability of experience from laboratory reactors with biological phosphorus removal in full-scale plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tykesson ◽  
L.L. Blackall ◽  
Y. Kong ◽  
P.H. Nielsen ◽  
J. la Cour Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
P Release ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) has been used at many wastewater treatment plants all over the world for many years. In this study a full-scale sludge with good EBPR was tested with P-release batch tests and combined FISH/MAR (fluorescence in situ hybridisation and microautoradiography). Proposed models of PAOs and GAOs (polyphosphate- and glycogen-accumulating organisms) and microbial methods suggested from studies of laboratory reactors were found to be applicable also on sludge from full-scale plants. Dependency of pH and the uptake of both acetate and propionate were studied and used for calculations for verifying the models and results from microbial methods. All rates found from the batch tests with acetate were higher than in the batch tests with propionate, which was explained by the finding that only those parts of the bacterial community that were able to take up acetate anaerobically were able to take up propionate anaerobically.

Morphology, In-Situ characterization with rRNA targetted probes and respiratory quinone profiles of enhanced biological phosphorus removal sludge

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Sudiana ◽  
T. Mino ◽  
H. Satoh ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
In Situ Characterization ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

The microbial communities in activated sludge acclimated with either acetate or glucose as the major carbon source under phosphorus limited or rich conditions were investigated morphologically, phylogenetically and chemotaxonomically. The sludge with a minimized polyphosphate content was dominated by tetrad shaped bacteria, which were suspected to be ‘glycogen accumulating bacteria (GAOs) or G bacteria’ The sludge containing high polyphosphate was dominated by cluster forming coccus bacteria. Quinone analyses suggested that all the sludge tested contained various ubiquinones and menaquinones, of which the ubiquinones Q-8 and Q-10 were dominant. Analyses with rRNA targeted probes showed that beta sub class of Proteobacteria was most predominant in all sludges tested. Morphological, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic investigation all indicated that both high and low P sludges are microbiologically diverse.

Towards exposure of elusive metabolic mixed-culture processes: the application of metaproteomic analyses to activated sludge

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wilmes ◽  
P.L. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Proteomic Investigation ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Protein expression is a direct reflection of specific microbial activities in any ecosystem. In order to assess protein expression in mixed microbial communities, the feasibility of applying proteomic techniques to activated sludge samples has recently been demonstrated. We report the application of metaproteomics to two activated sludges from a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor with dissimilar phosphorus removal performances. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that the sludge with good enhanced biological phosphorus removal performance (EBPR) was dominated by Betaproteobacteria (65% of EUBMIX binding cells) and gave positive signals for the Rhodocyclus-type PAO specific probe (59%). The non-EBPR sludge was dominated by tetrad-forming Alphaproteobacteria (75%). With regard to the proteomic investigation, 630 individual protein spots were matched across the replicate groups of the anaerobic and aerobic phases of the EBPR sludge with 9.4% of all spots being statistically different between the two phases. The non-EBPR metaproteomic maps exhibited 590 matched spots with 14.7% statistical differences between the two phases. Overall, the non-EBPR sludge expressed around 30% more significant differences than the EBPR sludge. The comparison of protein expression in the two sludges showed that their metaproteomes were substantially different and this was reflected in their microbial community structures and metabolic transformations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document