Sustainable development of China’s rare earth resources

2015 ◽  
pp. 211-214
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth

scholarly journals Evaluation and Policy Research on the Sustainable Development of China’s Rare Earth Resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuedong Liang ◽  
Meng Ye ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Wanbing Fu ◽  
Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Low Efficiency

As rare earth resources are indispensable raw materials for modern society, they have become strategic global reserve resources. Even though China is the world’s largest producer and exporter of rare earth, the industry has low efficiency and severe problems with over-exploitation and environmental pollution; therefore, there needs to be a greater focus on the sustainable exploitation of rare earth resources. This paper establishes an innovative evaluation index system for the sustainable development of China’s rare earth resources from six main aspects; economic development, social progress, environmental protection, technological innovation, rare earth development and utilization, and rare earth protection in which the indicators are assessed using an entropy method. Grey correlation analysis was used to evaluate China’s rare earth sustainable development level from 2006–2016, from which it was found that sustainable development was poor from 2006–2010 and marginally better from 2011–2016. The main factor affecting rare earth sustainable development in China was found to be the lag in the development of environment protection system and rare earth protection system. Policy recommendations for improving China’s rare earth protection, environmental protection, and technological innovation are proposed to guide government regulations and assist rare earth industry personnel.

Green chemistry and sustainable development: approaches to chemical footprint analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia P. Tarasova ◽  
Anna S. Makarova ◽  
Stanislav F. Vinokurov ◽  
Vladimir A. Kuznetsov ◽  
Pavel I. Shlyakhov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe methods to monitor the distribution of chemicals in the biosphere and to estimate the impact of chemicals on the biosphere are necessary to reach Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper presents the examples of methods to measure the concentration of heavy metals (including rare earth elements) and to rank them by the level of hazard to human health on different scales. The megacity scale presents the investigation of the impact of heavy metals on the small water bodies using water contamination index (WCI); and the investigation of snow contamination to estimate the level of short-term seasonal emission of heavy metals and rare earth elements. The 2nd part of the paper presents approaches to mitigate the exposure to mercury on the regional scale: the estimation of the current concentrations of mercury in atmospheric air, natural soils, and fresh waters using UNEP/SETAC USEtox model, as well as the estimations of the variations in the concentrations of mercury for the year 2045 in the federal districts of the Russian Federation, based on representative concentration pathways (RCPs) scenario and Minamata Convention scenario.

Rare earth elements and urban mines: Critical strategies for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 26247-26250
Author(s):  
Anna Lukowiak ◽  
Lidia Zur ◽  
Robert Tomala ◽  
Thi Ngoc LamTran ◽  
Adel Bouajaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements

Influential Factors of Sustainable Development of Rare Earth Industry in Sichuan

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1595-1599
Author(s):  
Long Wei ◽  
An Pan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Industrial Concentration ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Government

Influential factors of sustainable development of rare earth industry mainly refer to resource utilization, social economy, environment, policies and regulations. Existing control index of mining plays a positive role in sustainable development. Meanwhile, the government departments are also relevant parts of such process. Unrestrained exploitation and production revealed short-sighted behavior in the development of rare earth industry. Consequently, the following measures should be taken for sustainable development so as to strengthen environment protection and industrial concentration by further restructuring of rare earth enterprises.

Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in rare earth magnets production: A review on state of the art and SWOT analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 110616
Author(s):  
Mariele Canal Bonfante ◽  
Jéssica Prats Raspini ◽  
Ivan Belo Fernandes ◽  
Suélen Fernandes ◽  
Lucila M.S. Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Development Goals

Sustainable Development Path for the Rare Earth Industry under the Background of Trade Disputes

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1599-1604
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Cai Hong Hou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Friction ◽  
Rational Allocation ◽  
Responsible Attitude ◽  
Quota Management ◽  
Earth Resource ◽  
The Rare Earth

The sustainable development of the rare earth industry is based on the rational allocation of the rare earth resource. This article analyzes the necessity of the regulation control of the rare earth export from the requirements of sustainable development and the current problems of the industry, such as new problems of the quota management in export, intensified trade friction and the increasingly rampant smuggling, and makes feasible proposals to promote the rare earth strategy. China should persist the constructive and responsible attitude, taking the international and national resource and markets into account, pursue a win-win strategy which can not only keep the rare earth supply reasonable in the international market, but also protect the ecological environment and resource.

The Application of Game Theory on China's Present Rare Earth Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen Song ◽  
Wei Hong Xu ◽  
Hai Dong Meng ◽  
Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Rational Development

China is the world's important country in exporting rare earth, but in recent years, the development of rare earth industry has not sailing plainly. This paper uses game theory to analyse root causes behind the phenomena such as the "Cabbage Price" of rare earth have been sold; the vicious and brutal competitions in rare earth industry; declined profits of export corporates; the unsuccessful policy have been carried out of sustainable development of rational development and protection of resources and the environment and puts forward some appropriate policy recommendations respectively.

Characterization of Rare-Earth Fluoride Anti-Stokes Phosphors by Scanning arid Transmission Electron Microscopy

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
N. M. P. Low ◽  
L. E. Brosselard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Crystalline Solid ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Rare Earth Fluoride ◽  
Earth Fluoride ◽  
Rare Earth Fluorides

There has been considerable interest over the past several years in materials capable of converting infrared radiation to visible light by means of sequential excitation in two or more steps. Several rare-earth trifluorides (LaF3, YF3, GdF3, and LuF3) containing a small amount of other trivalent rare-earth ions (Yb3+ and Er3+, or Ho3+, or Tm3+) have been found to exhibit such phenomenon. The methods of preparation of these rare-earth fluorides in the crystalline solid form generally involve a co-precipitation process and a subsequent solid state reaction at elevated temperatures. This investigation was undertaken to examine the morphological features of both the precipitated and the thermally treated fluoride powders by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy.Rare-earth oxides of stoichiometric composition were dissolved in nitric acid and the mixed rare-earth fluoride was then coprecipitated out as fine granules by the addition of excess hydrofluoric acid. The precipitated rare-earth fluorides were washed with water, separated from the aqueous solution, and oven-dried.

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