- Fundamental Physical Concepts: Equilibrium Approaches

2015 ◽  
pp. 76-91
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Physical

scholarly journals Structural and physical properties of 99 complex bulk chalcogenides crystals using first-principles calculations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahib Hasan ◽  
Khagendra Baral ◽  
Neng Li ◽  
Wai-Yim Ching
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Chalcogenide Semiconductors ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Very Large Database ◽  
Unique Composition ◽  
Fundamental Physical

AbstractChalcogenide semiconductors and glasses have many applications in the civil and military fields, especially in relation to their electronic, optical and mechanical properties for energy conversion and in enviormental materials. However, they are much less systemically studied and their fundamental physical properties for a large class chalcogenide semiconductors are rather scattered and incomplete. Here, we present a detailed study using well defined first-principles calculations on the electronic structure, interatomic bonding, optical, and mechanical properties for 99 bulk chalcogenides including thirteen of these crytals which have never been calculated. Due to their unique composition and structures, these 99 bulk chalcogenides are divided into two main groups. The first group contains 54 quaternary crystals with the structure composition (A2BCQ4) (A = Ag, Cu; B = Zn, Cd, Hg, Mg, Sr, Ba; C = Si, Ge, Sn; Q = S, Se, Te), while the second group contains scattered ternary and quaternary chalcogenide crystals with a more diverse composition (AxByCzQn) (A = Ag, Cu, Ba, Cs, Li, Tl, K, Lu, Sr; B = Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Ga, In, P, As, La, Lu, Pb, Cu, Ag; C = Si, Ge, Sn, As, Sb, Bi, Zr, Hf, Ga, In; Q = S, Se, Te; $$\hbox {x} = 1$$ x = 1 , 2, 3; $$\hbox {y} = 0$$ y = 0 , 1, 2, 5; $$\hbox {z} = 0$$ z = 0 , 1, 2 and $$\hbox {n} = 3$$ n = 3 , 4, 5, 6, 9). Moreover, the total bond order density (TBOD) is used as a single quantum mechanical metric to characterize the internal cohesion of these crystals enabling us to correlate them with the calculated properties, especially their mechanical properties. This work provides a very large database for bulk chalcogenides crucial for the future theoretical and experimental studies, opening opportunities for study the properties and potential application of a wide variety of chalcogenides.

Temperature Dependence of Some Fundamental Physical Quantities in YBa2Cu3O7

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (Part 2, No. 10) ◽  
pp. L1910-L1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yasuda ◽  
Yuuji Horie ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Youssef ◽  
Ryuji Kondo ◽  
Kazuyuki Shiraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Fundamental Physical

Values of the fundamental physical constants according to agreements in 1969

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1124-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Gorbatsevich ◽  
V. M. Holin ◽  
V. N. Nosal'
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Physical Constants ◽  
Physical Constants ◽  
Fundamental Physical

scholarly journals PROMPT BETA SPECTROSCOPY AS A DIAGNOSTIC FOR MIX IN IGNITED NIF CAPSULES

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 1029-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. HAYES ◽  
GERARD JUNGMAN ◽  
J. C. SOLEM ◽  
P. A. BRADLEY ◽  
R. S. RUNDBERG
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Shell Material ◽  
National Ignition Facility ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Beta Spectroscopy ◽  
Fundamental Physical ◽  
Beta Emission

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) technology is designed to drive deuterium–tritium (DT) internal confinement fusion (ICF) targets to ignition using indirect radiation from laser beam energy captured in a hohlraum. Hydrodynamical instabilities at interfaces in the ICF capsule leading to mix between the DT fuel and the ablator shell material are of fundamental physical interest and can affect the performance characteristics of the capsule. Here we describe new radiochemical diagnostics for mix processes in ICF capsules with plastic or Be (0.9% Cu ) ablator shells. Reactions of high-energy tritons with shell material produce high-energy β-emitters. We show that mix between the DT fuel and the shell material enhances high-energy prompt beta emission from these reactions by more than an order of magnitude over that expected in the absence of mix. We further show how a mix signal could be detectable in an ignition failure regime corresponding to yields greater than about 2 kJ.

Comparison of fundamental physical properties of the model cells (protocells) and the living cells reveals the need in protophysiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Fundamental Physical

AbstractA hypothesis is proposed about potassium ponds being the cradles of life enriches the gamut of ideas about the possible conditions of pre-biological evolution on the primeval Earth, but does not bring us closer to solving the real problem of the origin of life. The gist of the matter lies in the mechanism of making a delimitation between two environments – the intracellular environment and the habitat of protocells. Since the sodium–potassium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase) was discovered, no molecular model has been proposed for a predecessor of the modern sodium pump. This has brought into life the idea of the potassium pond, wherein protocells would not need a sodium pump. However, current notions of the operation of living cells come into conflict with even physical laws when trying to use them to explain the origin and functioning of protocells. Thus, habitual explanations of the physical properties of living cells have become inapplicable to explain the corresponding properties of Sidney Fox's microspheres. Likewise, existing approaches to solving the problem of the origin of life do not see the need for the comparative study of living cells and cell models, assemblies of biological and artificial small molecules and macromolecules under physical conditions conducive to the origin of life. The time has come to conduct comprehensive research into the fundamental physical properties of protocells and create a new discipline – protocell physiology or protophysiology – which should bring us much closer to solving the problem of the origin of life.

Energy Analysis to the Design of Rotor-Bearing Systems

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Rotor Bearing ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Vibration Problems ◽  
Fundamental Physical

In the design of rotating machinery, it is often desirable and necessary to change a subset of system parameters to meet the design requirements. The success in designing rotor bearing systems and/or in solving the vibration problems depends heavily upon the understanding of fundamental physical properties and insights of the systems. The modeling improvements and computational techniques have been extensively presented over the years. The design methodologies and fundamental properties have not been widely addressed to assist design engineers in solving their practical problems. The objective of this paper is to relate the various forms of energy and work and their contributions to the system dynamic characteristics. The design strategies and methodologies using the energy approach are also presented and illustrated in a turbine driven machine.

Fundamental Physical Structure

Nature ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 142 (3594) ◽  
pp. 537-537
Author(s):  
ROLLO APPLEYARD
Keyword(s):  
Physical Structure ◽  
Fundamental Physical
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