scholarly journals An Analysis of Early Developmental Trauma in Social Anxiety Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2015 ◽  
pp. 3-34
Author(s):  
Melanie Bishop ◽  
David Rosenstein ◽  
Susanne Bakelaar ◽  
Soraya Seedat
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Developmental Trauma ◽  
Early Developmental

scholarly journals Social trauma and its association with posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 102228
Author(s):  
Andri S. Bjornsson ◽  
Jóhann P. Hardarson ◽  
Audur G. Valdimarsdottir ◽  
Karen Gudmundsdottir ◽  
Arnrun Tryggvadottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Social Trauma

scholarly journals The therapeutic role of Cannabidiol in mental health: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Khan ◽  
Sadiq Naveed ◽  
Nadeem Mian ◽  
Ania Fida ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Raafey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorder

Abstract Background The therapeutic application of cannabidiol (CBD) is gaining interest due to expanding evidence for its use. Objective To summarize the clinical outcomes, study designs and limitations for the use of CBD and nabiximols (whole plant extract from Cannabis sativa L. that has been purified into 1:1 ratio of CBD and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Materials and method A systematic review was conducted including case reports, case series, open-label trials, non-randomized and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The search resulted in 23 relevant studies on CBD and nabiximols in the treatment of a wide range of psychiatric disorders. The quality of evidence was judged by using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence that ranges from Level 1 to Level 5 based on the quality and study design. These levels of evidence help in grading the recommendations, including Grade A (strong), Grade B (moderate), Grade C (weak), and Grade D (weakest). Results CBD and CBD-containing compounds such as nabiximols were helpful in alleviating psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with a variety of conditions, and several studies provided evidence of effectiveness in the treatment of cannabis withdrawal and moderate to severe cannabis use disorder with Grade B recommendation. There is Grade B recommendation supporting the use of CBD for the treatment of schizophrenia, social anxiety disorder and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Grade C recommendation exists for insomnia, anxiety, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and Tourette syndrome. These recommendations should be considered in the context of limited number of available studies. Conclusion CBD and CBD-containing compounds such as nabiximols were helpful in alleviating symptoms of cannabis-related disorders, schizophrenia, social anxiety disorder, and comorbidities of ASD, and ADHD with moderate recommendation. However, there is weaker evidence for insomnia, anxiety, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and Tourette syndrome. The evidence for the use of CBD and CBD-containing compounds for psychiatric disorders needs to be explored in future studies, especially large-scale and well-designed RCTs.

scholarly journals Biomarkers in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Overview and Implications for Future Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Sebastian F. Kaltwasser ◽  
Carsten T. Wotjak
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Current State ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
State Of Research

PTSD can develop in the aftermath of traumatic incidents like combat, sexual abuse, or life threatening accidents. Unfortunately, there are still no biomarkers for this debilitating anxiety disorder in clinical use. Anyhow, there are numerous studies describing potential PTSD biomarkers, some of which might progress to the point of practical use in the future. Here, we outline and comment on some of the most prominent findings on potential imaging, psychological, endocrine, and molecular PTSD biomarkers and classify them into risk, disease, and therapy markers. Since for most of these potential PTSD markers a causal role in PTSD has been demonstrated or at least postulated, this review also gives an overview on the current state of research on PTSD pathobiology.

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