Association of Oxidative Stress and Lipids with Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome

2015 ◽  
pp. 384-407
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Effects of Bilberry Supplementation on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1653
Author(s):  
Sze Wa Chan ◽  
Brian Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Benefits

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of interrelated conditions that is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Oxidative stress may impair normal physiological functions, leading to various illnesses. T2DM is considered to be associated with increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and dyslipidemia, which may play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular complications, cancer and vision loss through cataracts and retinopathy. While conventional therapies are a cornerstone for the management of the major risk factors of metabolic syndrome, increasing antioxidant defense by increasing intake of antioxidant-rich foods may improve long term prospects in CVD, obesity and T2DM. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is one of the richest natural sources of anthocyanins which give berries their red/purple/blue coloration. Anthocyanins are powerful antioxidants and are reported to play an important role in the prevention of metabolic disease and CVD as well as cancer and other conditions. This review focuses on the potential effects of bilberry supplementation on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Although there is evidence to support the use of bilberry supplementation as part of a healthy diet, the potential benefits from the use of bilberry supplementation in patients with T2DM or CVD needs to be clarified in large clinical trials.

scholarly journals Increased oxidative stress according to number of risk factors in metabolic syndrome patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Venturini ◽  
Caroline Hellen Rampazzo Alves ◽  
Shirley Aparecida Fabris de Souza ◽  
Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome

The association of oxidative stress markers with conventional risk factors in the metabolic syndrome

Metabolism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulcan G. Korkmaz ◽  
Esma Altınoglu ◽  
Sabiha Civelek ◽  
Volkan Sozer ◽  
Füsun Erdenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

scholarly journals The role of inflammation in metabolic syndrome

SURG Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Cristina Cuda
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Signalling Molecules

The metabolic consequences of obesity have made this highly prevalent condition one of the most common risk factors for type 2 diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Simultaneous occurrence of these conditions can be explained through the manifestations of metabolic syndrome [MetS]. Clinical indication of MetS is characterized by a clustering of risk factors for complex chronic diseases which all feature metabolic deterioration as a common component. Diagnosis of MetS can be made if a patient exhibits three of the identified risk factors, some of which include: elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, low high density lipoprotein levels, hypertension and elevated blood glucose. The progression from obesity to MetS involves an alteration in body metabolism mediated by cytokines- signalling molecules that coordinate the inflammatory response. Increased visceral adipose tissue contributes to augmented secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines which can activate several transcription factors, including NF-κB, which promote these inflammatory conditions and lead to increased oxidative stress. Exacerbation of the condition then ensues as oxidative stress results in oxidized low density lipoprotein, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and atherogenesis. This review will not only focus on the role of inflammation in the manifestations of MetS, but also outlines some lifestyle and nutritional treatments that can be used to treat the condition and reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Abstract P136: Cardiometabolic Burden in Adolescents is Associated with DNA Methylation in Genes Related to Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan He ◽  
Arthur Berg ◽  
Edward O Bixler ◽  
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
Yuka Imamura Kawasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Metabolic syndrome is related to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMets) is a marker of cardiometabolic burden in adolescence, the relationship between cardiometabolic burden and DNA methylation has been rarely assessed at this stage of the life course. Hypothesis: Cardiometabolic burden is related to methylation levels in genes related to CVD risk in adolescents. Methods: A sample of 263 independent adolescents from the population-based Penn State Child Cohort follow-up exam (N=421) was used in this analysis. cMets was calculated as the sum of standardized residuals of five established cardiometabolic risk factors, namely waist circumference, mean arterial pressure, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) concentration. cMets was log-transformed to improve the distribution. Peripheral leukocyte DNA was extracted and subjected to enhanced, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. The assay provided single nucleotide resolution of DNA methylation in cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and surrounding regions. Bases with < 10x coverage were excluded, resulting a total of 1,609,424 methylation sites. Linear regression was used to model the association between site-specific methylation level and cMets. All models were adjusted for age, race, and sex. A p < 10x10 -8 was used to determine statistical significance. The significant sites were mapped to the hg19 assembly and subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) wherein mapped gene sets were examined for enrichment of downstream function and diseases. Permutations were further performed to confirm the robustness of our findings. Results: On average, the sample was 55% male, 79% white, and aged 16.7 (standard deviation = 2.2) years. cMetS was significantly associated with 52 sites within 43 genes. Among the genes, three were related to glucose tolerance, two to endothelial function, and two more to oxidative stress. IPA indicated that genes associated with these functions were significantly enriched for glucose tolerance (p=0.029), endothelial function (p=0.009), and oxidative stress (p=0.028). Indeed, high cMetS was associated with hypermethylation of PRKCD , which is related to diabetes risk, and PRDX5 , which encodes anti-oxidant peroxiredoxin-5. Higher cMetS also was associated with hypomethylation of ID3 . Conclusion: Despite validation is pending, these preliminary findings suggest that cardiometabolic burden in adolescents is related to DNA methylation in genes related to CVD risk factors in adulthood, including glucose tolerance, endothelial function, and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Reduced-energy cranberry juice increases folic acid and adiponectin and reduces homocysteine and oxidative stress in patients with the metabolic syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 1885-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathiana Name Colado Simão ◽  
Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy ◽  
Andréa Name Colado Simão ◽  
Sayonara Rangel Oliveira ◽  
Danielle Venturini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises pathological conditions that include insulin resistance, arterial hypertension, visceral adiposity and dyslipidaemia, which favour the development of CVD. Some reports have shown that cranberry ingestion reduces cardiovascular risk factors. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of this fruit in subjects with the MetS. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of reduced-energy cranberry juice consumption on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with the MetS, and to verify the effects of cranberry juice concomitantly on homocysteine and adiponectin levels in patients with the MetS. For this purpose, fifty-six individuals with the MetS were selected and divided into two groups: control group (n36) and cranberry-treated group (n20). After consuming reduced-energy cranberry juice (0·7 litres/d) containing 0·4 mg folic acid for 60 d, the cranberry-treated group showed an increase in adiponectin (P= 0·010) and folic acid (P= 0·033) and a decrease in homocysteine (P< 0·001) in relation to baseline values and also in comparison with the controls (P< 0·05). There was no significant change in the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6. In relation to oxidative stress measurements, decreased (P< 0·05) lipoperoxidation and protein oxidation levels assessed by advanced oxidation protein products were found in the cranberry-treated group when compared with the control group. In conclusion, the consumption of cranberry juice for 60 d was able to improve some cardiovascular risk factors. The present data reinforce the importance of the inverse association between homocysteine and adiponectin and the need for more specifically designed studies on MetS patients.

Oxidative stress-induced risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome: a unifying hypothesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignazio Grattagliano ◽  
Vincenzo O. Palmieri ◽  
Piero Portincasa ◽  
Antonio Moschetta ◽  
Giuseppe Palasciano
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Intermittent Fasting Improves Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Alters Gut Microbiota in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
Yi Guo ◽  
Shiyun Luo ◽  
Yongxin Ye ◽  
Songping Yin ◽  
Jiahua Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Functional Pathways

Abstract Context Intermittent fasting (IF) is an effective strategy to improve cardiometabolic health. Objective The objective of this work is to examine the effects of IF on cardiometabolic risk factors and the gut microbiota in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). Design and Setting A randomized clinical trial was conducted at a community health service center. Patients Participants included adults with MS, age 30 to 50 years. Intervention Intervention consisted of 8 weeks of “2-day” modified IF. Main Outcome Measure Cardiometabolic risk factors including body composition, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and endothelial function were assessed at baseline and at 8 weeks. The diversity, composition, and functional pathways of the gut microbiota, as well as circulating gut-derived metabolites, were measured. Results Thirty-nine patients with MS were included: 21 in the IF group and 18 in the control group. On fasting days, participants in the IF group reduced 69% of their calorie intake compared to nonfasting days. The 8-week IF significantly reduced fat mass, ameliorated oxidative stress, modulated inflammatory cytokines, and improved vasodilatory parameters. Furthermore, IF induced significant changes in gut microbiota communities, increased the production of short-chain fatty acids, and decreased the circulating levels of lipopolysaccharides. The gut microbiota alteration attributed to the IF was significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors and resulted in distinct genetic shifts of carbohydrate metabolism in the gut community. Conclusion IF induces a significant alteration of the gut microbial community and functional pathways in a manner closely associated with the mitigation of cardiometabolic risk factors. The study provides potential mechanistic insights into the prevention of adverse outcomes associated with MS.

scholarly journals Effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation at different EPA:DHA ratios on the spontaneously hypertensive obese rat model of the metabolic syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Molinar-Toribio ◽  
Jara Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Sara Ramos-Romero ◽  
Marta Romeu ◽  
Montserrat Giralt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The increasing incidence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a combination of risk factors before the onset of CVD and type 2 diabetes, encourages studies on the role of functional food components such as long-chain n-3 PUFA as preventive agents. In the present study, we explore the effect of EPA and DHA supplementation in different proportions on spontaneously hypertensive obese (SHROB) rats, a model for the MetS in a prediabetic state with mild oxidative stress. SHROB rats were randomised into four groups (n 7), each supplemented with EPA/DHA at ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2, or soyabean oil as the control for 13 weeks. The results showed that in all the proportions tested, EPA/DHA supplementation significantly lowered total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, compared with those of the control group. EPA/DHA supplementation at the ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 significantly decreased inflammation (C-reactive protein levels) and lowered oxidative stress (decreased excretion of urinary isoprostanes), mainly at the ratio of 1:2. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased in erythrocytes, abdominal fat and kidneys, with magnitudes depending on the EPA:DHA ratio. PUFA mixtures from fish affected different MetS markers of CVD risk factors in SHROB rats, depending on the ratios of EPA/DHA supplementation. The activation of endogenous defence systems may be related to the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress.

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