History taking and clinical examination in musculoskeletal disease

2015 ◽  
pp. 259-266
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disease ◽  
History Taking

History-Taking and Clinical Examination

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Claudio Vicini ◽  
Filippo Montevecchi ◽  
Paul T. Hoff ◽  
Claudia Zanotti ◽  
Tod Huntley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
History Taking

Foot and ankle problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Magnus James
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Ankle Pain ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Patients presenting with foot or ankle pain are commonly seen in general practice, and the differential diagnoses are extensive. There are many conditions that can affect the foot and ankle, including orthopaedic, vascular, rheumatologic and traumatic causes. This article will describe a general template for history taking and clinical examination of the foot and ankle. It will then focus on some conditions that commonly present in general practice, and consider their diagnosis and management.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of patients with obstructive jaundice: a surgeon’s perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Zubair Afzal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Carcinoma Of Pancreas ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

Background: There are various causes of obstructive jaundice, choledocholithiasis– the commonest. Patients with obstructive jaundice usually present with complain of yellow skin and eyes, pale stools, dark coloured urine, jaundice, and pruritus.Abdominal pain often misleading for diagnosis. The objectives of the study were to study the clinical profile of patients with obstructive jaundice.Methods: The study included the patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from obstructive jaundice. Thorough history taking and clinical examination was done. Patients undergone for various laboratory investigations, and radiological evaluation.Results: A total 201 patients were included in the present study. Males are more affected (55.72%) as compared to females. Elder age groups (>65 years; and 55-65 years) were commonly affected. 58.71% of patients have malignant causes for development of obstructive jaundice as compared to benign causes in 41.29% of patients. Choledocholithiasis (30.35%) is the commonest cause of obstructive jaundice followed by carcinoma of pancreas (25.87%). Jaundice is the commonest symptom of presentation.Conclusions: Better understanding of the clinical profile in the patients with obstructive jaundice will facilitate appropriate management and lead to improved survival.

Clinical Examination of Hip Dysplasia/Instability

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Hip Instability ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Shoulder Examination

Clinical examination is one of the main skill that clinicians acquire through training and experience, and its contribution to diagnosis is a key addition to history taking. Mike Reiman is a physical therapist, author of the excellent textbook «Orthopedic clinical examination», who just conpleted his PhD (congrats!) under the supervision of Kristian Thorborg (Denmark), looking at the validity of the most frequently used clinical examination tests around the hip area. We tend to think that “specialized” tests have great significance for the examination of a particular structure of pathology, yet as we have already learned from multiple studies on this very question around the shoulder examination tests, this is deceptive. In this article, Dr Reiman looks at what we know for hip instability tests, and the conclusion is not very different. Some tests can help in ruling in a pathology (higher specificity than sensibility), but should by no means be considered decisive. At #SportSuisse2018, he presented his PhD work on femoro-acetabular impingement tests, and the findings are not dissimilar to this article. We should be very careful with the interpretation we make of positive clinical tests. First, the tests should be properly standardized and executed. Second, the clinician must understand when a test is to be interpreted as positive: do we look for pain (reproduces the patient’s complaint or a different pain?), clicking or limitation in range of motion? Not all tests look for the same thing. Third, the clinician must acknowledge the validity of each test. One way to look at it is, that the act of clinical examination must be executed and chosen wisely, whilst the results of the tests can only be interpreted in the context of the history, the aggregate of tests, the additional imaging when advisable and the experience of the clinician. This is the art of clinical work informed by science, but let’s not overstate our findings too “artistically”.

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