Sensory and Chemical Fingerprinting Aids Quality and Authentication of Ingredients and Raw Materials of Vegetal Origin

Genome skimming and NMR chemical fingerprinting provide quality assurance biotechnology to validate Sarsaparilla identity and purity

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76073-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Prasad Kesanakurti ◽

Arunachalam Thirugnanasambandam ◽

Subramanyam Ragupathy ◽

Steven G. Newmaster

Keyword(s):

Quality Assurance ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Decalepis Hamiltonii ◽

Product Identity ◽

Wild Harvesting ◽

Chemical Fingerprinting ◽

Genome Skimming ◽

Conservation Concern

Abstract Sarsaparilla is a popular natural health product (NHP) that has been reported to be one of the most adulterated botanicals in the marketplace. Several plausible explanations are documented including economically motivated product substitution, unintentional errors due to ambiguous trade name associated with several different taxa, and wild harvesting of incorrect non-commercial plants. Unfortunately, this includes the case of an adulterant species Decalepis hamiltonii, a Red listed medicinal plant species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and declared as a species with high conservation concern by the National Biodiversity Authority of India (NBA). This study provides validated genomic (genome skimming & DNA probes) and metabolomic (NMR chemical fingerprints) biotechnology solutions to prevent adulteration on both raw materials and finished products. This is also the first use of Oxford Nanopore on herbal products enabling the use of genome skimming as a tool for quality assurance within the supply chain of botanical ingredients. The validation of both genomics and metabolomics approach provided quality assurance perspective for both product identity and purity. This research enables manufactures and retailers to verify their supply chain is authentic and that consumers can enjoy safe, healthy products.

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Microstructural characterization of laser-melted/roller-quenched dicalcium silicate

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100104972 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 582-583

Author(s):

C. J. Chan ◽

K. R. Venkatachari ◽

W. M. Kriven ◽

J. F. Young

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Shape Change ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Particle Size Effect ◽

Dicalcium Silicate ◽

Laser Melting ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Cell Shape Change ◽

Wide Range

Dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) is a major component of Portland cement. It has also been investigated as a potential transformation toughener alternative to zirconia. It has five polymorphs: α, α'H, α'L, β and γ. Of interest is the β-to-γ transformation on cooling at about 490°C. This transformation, accompanied by a 12% volume increase and a 4.6° unit cell shape change, is analogous to the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation in zirconia. Due to the processing methods used, previous studies into the particle size effect were limited by a wide range of particle size distribution. In an attempt to obtain a more uniform size, a fast quench rate involving a laser-melting/roller-quenching technique was investigated.The laser-melting/roller-quenching experiment used precompacted bars of stoichiometric γ-Ca2SiO4 powder, which were synthesized from AR grade CaCO3 and SiO2xH2O. The raw materials were mixed by conventional ceramic processing techniques, and sintered at 1450°C. The dusted γ-Ca2SiO4 powder was uniaxially pressed into 0.4 cm x 0.4 cm x 4 cm bars under 34 MPa and cold isostatically pressed under 172 MPa. The γ-Ca2SiO4 bars were melted by a 10 KW-CO2 laser.

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Crystallization of barium hexaferrite

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100122216 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 362-363

Author(s):

Chung-kook Lee ◽

Yolande Berta ◽

Robert F. Speyer

Keyword(s):

Size Distribution ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Barium Hexaferrite ◽

Recording Media ◽

Magnetic Recording Media ◽

Promising Candidate ◽

Crystallization Method ◽

Temperature Heat ◽

High Density Magnetic Recording ◽

Temperature Heat Treatment

Barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) is a promising candidate for high density magnetic recording media due to its superior magnetic properties. For particulate recording media, nano-sized single crystalline powders with a narrow size distribution are a primary application requirement. The glass-crystallization method is preferred because of the controllability of crystallization kinetics, hence, particle size and size distribution. A disadvantage of this method is the need to melt raw materials at high temperatures with non-reactive crucibles, e.g. platinum. However, in this work, we have shown that crystal growth of barium hexaferrite occurred during low temperature heat treatment of raw batches.

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