Temporomandibular joint and facial pain

Author(s):  
Stefan Kindler ◽  
Christian Schwahn ◽  
Jan Terock ◽  
Maria Mksoud ◽  
Olaf Bernhardt ◽  
...  

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1010
Author(s):  
ARTHUR A. GAGE

The article, "Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction with Facial Pain in Children," (Pediatrics 69:564, 1982) inferred that pains and/or dysfunctions of the temporomandibular (TM) joint constitute a disorder. This is not so. The joint, comprising various tissues, subject to diverse pathologies, may require any of a number of treatment modalities. If a conclusion of one disorder prevailed, it would invite irrational stereotyped "treatment," which, unfortunately does occur. Pain perceived in the joint region may be referred from a remote source of deep continuous pain, as from an otitis media.


Author(s):  
Stefan Kindler ◽  
Marike Bredow-Zeden

Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a painful functional disorder of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated musculoskeletal structures of the head and neck. TMD is a type of chronic pain and is widely used as a model for chronic pain. The etiology of TMD pain is multifactorial. Biological, behavioral, environmental, social, emotional, and cognitive factors can contribute to TMD. TMD can manifest with musculoskeletal facial pain complaints and with different forms of jaw dysfunction. Biobehavioral studies suggest an association between TMD pain and coexisting psychopathology, including depression and anxiety. This chapter presents practical clinical recommendations on how to treat patients with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and TMD pain. The authors underline the importance of considering depression and anxiety as risk factors for TMD.


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