Sugars and Metabolic Disorders in Animal Models Including Primates

2014 ◽  
pp. 186-195
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Metabolic Disorders

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity and Developmental Programming of Metabolic Disorders in Offspring: Evidence from Animal Models

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Li ◽  
D. M. Sloboda ◽  
M. H. Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Overnutrition

The incidence of obesity and overweight has reached epidemic proportions in the developed world as well as in those countries transitioning to first world economies, and this represents a major global health problem. Concern is rising over the rapid increases in childhood obesity and metabolic disease that will translate into later adult obesity. Although an obesogenic nutritional environment and increasingly sedentary lifestyle contribute to our risk of developing obesity, a growing body of evidence links early life nutritional adversity to the development of long-term metabolic disorders. In particular, the increasing prevalence of maternal obesity and excess maternal weight gain has been associated with a heightened risk of obesity development in offspring in addition to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications. The mechanisms that link maternal obesity to obesity in offspring and the level of gene-environment interactions are not well understood, but the early life environment may represent a critical window for which intervention strategies could be developed to curb the current obesity epidemic. This paper will discuss the various animal models of maternal overnutrition and their importance in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying altered obesity risk in offspring.

657-P: Potential Effect of a Novel Combination of GLP-1RA (efpeglenatide) and Long-Acting Glucagon Analog (HM15136) in Animal Models of Metabolic Disorders

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 657-P
Author(s):  
JONG SUK LEE ◽  
JUNG KUK KIM ◽  
SEON MYEONG LEE ◽  
JAEHYUK CHOI ◽  
EUNJIN PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Long Acting

Action of an extract from the seeds of Fraxinus excelsior L. on metabolic disorders in hypertensive and obese animal models

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermí Montó ◽  
Cristina Arce ◽  
Maria Antonia Noguera ◽  
Maria Dolores Ivorra ◽  
John Flanagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Animal

Chronic treatment with FXE resulted in a significant decrease in glycemia, triglyceridemia and body weight in Zucker rats and a significant decrease in SBP in SHR, with a concomitant improvement in endothelial function in both strains.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Brazilian Cerrado Campomanesia Species on Metabolic Dysfunctions

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Cardozo ◽  
Aline Inada ◽  
Gabriela Marcelino ◽  
Priscila Figueiredo ◽  
Daniela Arakaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Obesity, in conjunction with other metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, is a feature of metabolic syndrome which is characterized by a pro-inflammatory state and increased oxidative stress. Therefore, antioxidant foods are proposed to prevent and treat these disorders. Medicinal plants are one of the main strategies in this regard. Guavira, a Brazilian Cerrado plant, contains different bioactive compounds with a high antioxidant capacity and without clinical or reproductive toxicity effects. Though there are different varieties of guavira, the principal Brazilian Cerrado guaviras demonstrated hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic actions. There is also a potential antiplatelet agent in C. xanthocarpa, while C. adamantium displayed hypocholesterolemic actions in animal models and human clinical trials. On the other hand, even with a lack of studies related to C. pubescens, it demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and an antioxidant capacity in in vitro studies. Despite the fact that most of the studies were not performed to evaluate pathological conditions specific to obese animal models or obese subjects, guavira demonstrated effects in metabolic disorders that are commonly related to the obesity context, such as cardiovascular disturbances and hyperglycemia status. This suggests that guavira is a potential therapeutic approach to obesity-induced metabolic syndrome.

1925-P: Beneficial Effects of a Novel Long-Acting Glucagon Analog, HM15136, on Obesity and Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders in Animal Models

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1925-P
Author(s):  
JONG SUK LEE ◽  
SEON MYEONG LEE ◽  
JAEHYUK CHOI ◽  
EUNJIN PARK ◽  
JONGSOO LEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Long Acting

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

Inflammational Animal Models for Schizophrenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Juckel
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Immunological System

Abstract. Inflammational-immunological processes within the pathophysiology of schizophrenia seem to play an important role. Early signals of neurobiological changes in the embryonal phase of brain in later patients with schizophrenia might lead to activation of the immunological system, for example, of cytokines and microglial cells. Microglia then induces – via the neurotoxic activities of these cells as an overreaction – a rarification of synaptic connections in frontal and temporal brain regions, that is, reduction of the neuropil. Promising inflammational animal models for schizophrenia with high validity can be used today to mimic behavioral as well as neurobiological findings in patients, for example, the well-known neurochemical alterations of dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, and other neurotransmitter systems. Also the microglial activation can be modeled well within one of this models, that is, the inflammational PolyI:C animal model of schizophrenia, showing a time peak in late adolescence/early adulthood. The exact mechanism, by which activated microglia cells then triggers further neurodegeneration, must now be investigated in broader detail. Thus, these animal models can be used to understand the pathophysiology of schizophrenia better especially concerning the interaction of immune activation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. This could also lead to the development of anti-inflammational treatment options and of preventive interventions.

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