Multiple Factor Analysis and Procrustes Analysis

2014 ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Jérôme Pagès
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Multiple Factor

Contribution of multiple factor analysis to sensory data study

OENO One ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
J. Pages
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Graphical Displays ◽  
Multiple Factor

<p style="text-align: justify;">Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) deals with data in which a set of individuals is described by several sets of variables. Such data are frequently encountered in sensory analysis, for example whcn we wartt to compare panels, or to point out relationships between sensory data and chemical data. We present an application of MFA to data in which 50 sparkling wines (including 26 champagnes) are evaluated by 32 assessors (amateurs and oenologists) through 24 descriptors. Here, wines play the role of individuals ; the variables are the 32 x 24 descriptors ; one group gathers descriptors associated to a single assessor.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In this example, some questions are particularly important.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">What are the main factors in the perception of these wines ? Are descriptors correlated ? Were champagnes perceived different than the other wines ? Do amateurs perceived these wines as oenologists ? Are chemical data correlated to sensory data ?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This application shows the interest of MFA, which provides firstly classical results of factor analysis. Thus, graphical displays of wines and of descriptors point out a clear opposition between the champagnes and the other wines. Champagnes were perceived more sparkling (this result is interesting because effervescence is subjected to a glass effect which usually masks differences between wines), with a stronger taste and aroma of old wines. From a chemical point of view, champagnes have a high measured effervescence and a low level of S02.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">MFA provides also results specifie to such multiple tables :</p><p style="text-align: justify;">- graphical displays of variables groups ; here a group corresponds to a judge (each one contains the descriptors used by one judge) that is to say to the wines configuration associated to one judge. On this graphie, judges who globally perceived the wines in the same inanner are close one to the other. In this application, surprisingly, there is no clear distinction between amateurs and oenologist.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">- graphical displays of wines according to each judge. The 32 configurations of wines (each one for a singlejudge) are superimposed, as in procrustes analysis (the principles of the two methods are different but, from the point of view of this graphie, they are similar). This study shows wines perceived quite in the same manner by the different judges, and wines which are subject of various judgements.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">- a set of canonical correlation coefficients : here they indicate that the first factor of MFA, which opposes champagnes to the other wines, is common to quite all groups (that is to say to all judges).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">All these results derive from a single analysis. Thus it is possible to study, in a unique framework, all the aspects of wines variability and judges variability.</p>

scholarly journals Multiple factor analysis of eating patterns to detect groups at risk of malnutrition among home-dwelling older subjects in 2015

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e023548
Author(s):  
Marc-Antoine Sanchez ◽  
Didier Armaingaud ◽  
Yasmine Messaoudi ◽  
Aude Letty ◽  
Rachid Mahmoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Multiple Factor ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Meal Delivery

ObjectiveWe aimed to describe eating patterns among home-dwelling older subjects to establish typologies of eaters at higher or lower risk of malnutrition.DesignCross-sectional study between June and September 2015 using a standardised questionnaire. The questionnaire was given to home-help employees (responsible for delivering meals to home-dwelling older persons and helping them to eat). The employees were asked to complete the questionnaire three times during the same week, for the same older adults, in order to identify the totality of their food intake.SettingRegistered customers of the home meal delivery company ‘Azaé’ (France).Participants605 older home-dwelling persons were randomly selected among customers served by the home meal delivery company.OutcomesMultiple factor analysis was used to understand the different modes of food consumption and to establish eating profiles. Hierarchical classification was performed to construct eating profiles corresponding to the dietary habits of the respondents.ResultsAverage age of the older adults was 85.3 years; 73.5% were women. Overall, 59% of participants reported that they ate out of habit, while 33.7% said they ate for pleasure. We identified four different groups of eaters, at varying levels of risk for malnutrition. Individuals in group 4 had the highest food intake in terms of quantity; and were less dependent than individuals in group 1 (p=0.05); group 1 was at highest risk of malnutrition.ConclusionImproved understanding of eating habits can help detect risky behaviours and help caregivers to promote better nutrition among home-dwelling older subjects.

scholarly journals The appropriateness of sum scores as estimates of factor scores in the multiple factor analysis of ordered-categorical responses.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere Ferrando ◽  
Urbano Lorenzo-Seva
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Categorical Responses ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
Biased Estimates ◽  
Ordered Categorical ◽  
Multiple Factor

<p>Unit-weight sum scores (UWSSs) are routinely used as estimates of factor scores on the basis of solutions obtained with the non-linear exploratory factor analysis (EFA) model for ordered-categorical responses. Theoretically, this practice results in a loss of information and accuracy, and is expected to lead to biased estimates. However, the practical relevance of these limitations is far from clear. In this article we adopt an empirical view, and propose indices and procedures (some of them new) for assessing the appropriateness of UWSSs in non-linear EFA applications. A new automated approach for obtaining UWSSs that maximize fidelity and correlational accuracy is proposed. The appropriateness of UWSSs under different conditions and the behavior of the present proposal in comparison with other more common approaches are assessed with a simulation study. A tutorial for interested practitioners is presented using an illustrative example based on a well-known personality questionnaire. All the procedures proposed in the article have been implemented in a well-known noncommercial EFA program. </p>

scholarly journals Recodificación de escalas en investigaciones sociológicas: una nueva metodología de validación. Aplicación a una encuesta política

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Elena Abascal ◽  
Vidal Díaz de Rada ◽  
Ignacio García Lautre ◽  
M. Isabel Landaluce
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Multiple Factor

La recodificación de variables es una etapa habitual en el análisis de datos de encuesta. No está exenta de riesgos, como pueden ser la introducción de sesgos o las posibles deformaciones de los datos originales. En este trabajo se propone una metodología de validación de cualquier recodificación, tanto de variables de escala métrica, como de escala categórica para reducir el número de categorías. El objetivo de la metodología propuesta es comprobar la adecuación de la recodificación, indicando en qué medida los datos recodificados mantienen la misma estructura de los datos originales. La metodología se basa en el uso de un método factorial, Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA), aplicado sobre una tabla global obtenida como yuxtaposición de los datos medidos con la escala original y los mismos datos medidos con la escala recodificada. El procedimiento ha sido testado a partir de un conjunto de datos reales extraídos de una encuesta de opinión pública sobre los principales políticos del Parlamento Español.

scholarly journals University performace through Multiple Factor Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delimiro Alberto Visbal Cadavid ◽  
Mónica Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Rolando Escorcia-Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Multiple Factor ◽  
Year 2013

This work applies the Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) as an exploratory methodology to analize the indicators of the education´s management that belong to 32 Colombian public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) along the year 2013. The product of this work indicates that the majority of HEIs have similar structures, being different and better scored the following: La Universidad Nacional (UNAL), Antioquia (UDEA), Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD), Pamplona y del Valle. Also the UDEA has a high development in extension, formation, capacity and research which is considered one of the best HEIS in the country. The university of Valle has a high degree of welfare, formation and extension, besides moderate capacities on research in comparission with the UDEA wich is superior to the rest of the HEIs. Pamplona has too a high level of formation, extension and moderate weflare, research and capacity in relation to the UNAD. It worth to mention that UNAL is the best located on extension. However, it is surpassed by other University (UDEA) because has a better development in some variables associated to research and extension. To finish, there are other HEIs with too many weaknesses on the indicators of the education´s management wich are UFPS Ocaña, Sucre and Pacifico. These universities show certain problems of research, extension and capacity, but fundamentally strong shortcomings in formation and welfare.

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