Inflammatory Biomarkers of Brain Injury and Disease

2014 ◽  
pp. 304-339
Author(s):  
Erik Johnson ◽  
Walid Yassin ◽  
Michelle Guignet
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers

021 Poor sleep quality in traumatic brain injury patients is associated with elevated inflammatory biomarkers

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A10-A10
Author(s):  
Josephine Pucci ◽  
Sara Mithani ◽  
Jacqueline Leete ◽  
Chen Lai ◽  
Kimbra Kenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Type I ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and sleep disorders are independently associated with inflammation. Following mTBI, elevated levels of cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), have been observed. These signals are also known to modulate sleep homeostasis. IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα concentrations are typically measured in plasma, but recent work has shown that their measurement in extracellular vesicles (EVs) may hold additional value, as they are shielded from degradation and may be more biologically relevant. We hypothesized that inflammatory biomarkers in chronic mTBI patients would be elevated in poor sleepers. Methods In a cross-sectional cohort of warfighters (n=137 mTBI, 44 controls), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was compared with EV and plasma IL-6, IL-10, TNFα. Protein quantification was performed with Simoa. Two-tailed tests were used with a type I error of p<0.05. Linear models controlled for age, sex, and body mass index. Results In the mTBI cohort, poor sleepers (PSQI>=10, a published military cutoff) had elevated IL-6 vs. good sleepers (mean [SD] pg/mL, EV: 0.47 [0.63] vs 1.01 [1.54], p=0.04, d=0.44; plasma: 5.00 [13.31] vs 6.88 [13.51], p=0.03, d=0.14). Poor sleepers with mTBI had less EV IL-10 (1.71 [8.18] vs 0.30 [0.54], p=0.017). Comparisons of plasma IL-10 were not significant. No differences in TNFα were observed in mTBI groups. In our model, PSQI was the strongest predictor of EV IL-6 (βstd=0.27, p=0.03) in mTBI patients, whereas only BMI predicted IL-6 in controls. EV IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα correlated with PSQI (R=0.21, p=0.019; R=0.21, p=0.014; R=0.22, p=0.013, respectively), but these relationships were not found with plasma. In controls, no correlations or differences in any biomarker were observed between groups. Conclusion Warfighters who report poor sleep had significantly elevated inflammatory biomarkers after chronic mTBI. Cytokine levels in EVs had greater effect sizes between groups compared to plasma levels suggesting EV measurements may have improved signal. Poor sleep and its association with inflammatory cytokines after mTBI may have therapeutic implications. Support (if any) DoD: Contract W91YTZ-13-C-0015/ HT0014-19-C-0004 with VHA Central Office VA TBI Model Systems Program of Research/DHA Contracting Office (CO-NCR) HT0014

scholarly journals Pathological vascular and inflammatory biomarkers of acute- and chronic-phase traumatic brain injury

Concussion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. CNC30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine L Werhane ◽  
Nicole D Evangelista ◽  
Alexandra L Clark ◽  
Scott F Sorg ◽  
Katherine J Bangen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Confronting the grey zone after severe brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Peterson ◽  
Adrian M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Severe Brain Injury ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Legal Decision Making ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Brain

In recent years, rapid technological developments in the field of neuroimaging have provided several new methods for revealing thoughts, actions and intentions based solely on the pattern of activity that is observed in the brain. In specialized centres, these methods are now being employed routinely to assess residual cognition, detect consciousness and even communicate with some behaviorally non-responsive patients who clinically appear to be comatose or in a vegetative state. In this article, we consider some of the ethical issues raised by these developments and the profound implications they have for clinical care, diagnosis, prognosis and medical-legal decision-making after severe brain injury.

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