Using Process Behavior Charts

2014 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Keyword(s):  
Process Behavior

scholarly journals Nucleation of SiO$$_{2}$$-CaO-Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$ Slag in Oxidative Ladle Refining of Metallurgical Grade Silicon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlend L. Bjørnstad ◽  
Gabriella Tranell
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Alloy ◽  
Molten Slag ◽  
Liquid Structure ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Metallurgical Grade Silicon ◽  
Ladle Refining ◽  
Active Nature ◽  
Process Behavior ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Grade Silicon

AbstractOxidative ladle refining (OLR) is the most used refining method in industrial production of metallurgical grade silicon. OLR is performed by purging the liquid alloy with oxygen-enhanced air at 1823 K to 1873 K, reacting with silicon and the primary slag forming impurities to a SiO$$_{2}$$ 2 -CaO-Al$$_{2}$$ 2 O$$_{3}$$ 3 slag. To further increase our capability to control this process, it is paramount to understand how the slag nucleates and forms, and represent it such that it is useful for predicting and controlling the process behavior. This work aims to formulate a comprehensive theoretical description of slag nucleation and formation at nano/microscale using classical macroscale thermodynamics, bridging these spatial regimes. To achieve this, the work argues that silica’s liquid structure allows its nuclei to exhibit “well defined” surfaces. Furthermore, silica is predicted to be highly surface active, so if its concentration is high while the slag nucleus is small, the SiO$$_{2}$$ 2 -CaO-Al$$_{2}$$ 2 O$$_{3}$$ 3 slag should retain silica’s surface properties. An experiment confirmed the surface active nature of silica in the SiO$$_{2}$$ 2 -CaO-Al$$_{2}$$ 2 O$$_{3}$$ 3 system. It was also shown that increasing the slag’s calcia concentration has a greater effect on the interfacial tension between the molten slag and liquid alloy than alumina, confirming industrial observations of the coupling between refining rate and relative alloy/slag composition.

scholarly journals Potentials of Vitrified and Elastic Bonded Fine Grinding Worms in Continuous Generating Gear Grinding

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Maximilian Schrank ◽  
Jens Brimmers ◽  
Thomas Bergs
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Fine Grinding ◽  
Gear Grinding ◽  
Profile Line ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Process Behavior ◽  
Hard Finishing ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Process Strategy

Continuous generating gear grinding with vitrified grinding worms is an established process for the hard finishing of gears for high-performance transmissions. Due to the increasing requirements for gears in terms of power density, the required surface roughness is continuously decreasing. In order to meet the required tooth flank roughness, common manufacturing processes are polish grinding with elastic bonded grinding tools and fine grinding with vitrified grinding tools. The process behavior and potential of the different bonds for producing super fine surfaces in generating gear grinding have not been sufficiently scientifically investigated yet. Therefore, the objective of this report is to evaluate these potentials. Part of the investigations are the generating gear grinding process with elastic bonded, as well as vitrified grinding worms with comparable grit sizes. The potential of the different tool specifications is empirically investigated independent of the grain size, focusing on the influence of the bond. One result of the investigations was that the tooth flank roughness could be reduced to nearly the same values with the polish and the fine grinding tool. Furthermore, a dependence of the roughness on the selected grinding parameters could not be determined. However, it was found out that the profile line after polish grinding is significantly dependent on the process strategy used.

Prediction of dynamical, nonlinear, and unstable process behavior

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo F. de Mello ◽  
Laurence T. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Unstable Process ◽  
Process Behavior

Diamant-Schleifbänder mit Inselbelegung/Diamond belts with abrasive grain patterns – Analysis of the influence of the geometry of abrasive grain patterns on dry machining of cast iron

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (07-08) ◽  
pp. 506-512
Author(s):  
M. Bülter ◽  
E. Uhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Dry Machining ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Process Behavior ◽  
Diamond Abrasive

Üblicherweise werden Diamant-Schleifbänder für das Bearbeiten sprödharter oder hochlegierter Werkstoffe eingesetzt. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels wird untersucht, inwiefern sich das positive Prozessverhalten der Schleifbänder bei der Feinbearbeitung dieser meist kostenintensiven Werkstoffe auf das Prozessverhalten beim Bearbeiten des Massenwerkstoffs Gusseisen übertragen lässt. Im Fokus steht dabei insbesondere der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Schleifinselgeometrien.   Usually, diamond abrasive belts are used for machining brittle-hard or high-alloyed materials. This article examines if the positive process behavior of diamond abrasive belts towards these costly materials also applies for machining common mass materials such as cast iron. In particular, the focus is on the influence of different geometries of abrasive grain patterns.

Multi-Variant Simulation of Milling of 3-D Shaped Detail Considering Changing of Workpiece Rigidity While Cutting

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Kiselev ◽  
Sergey Voronov ◽  
Sergey Arshinov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Model Application ◽  
Regeneration Mechanism ◽  
Process Behavior ◽  
Milling Dynamics ◽  
Stock Removal

The examples of multi-variant simulation of 5-axis milling dynamics while the machining of 3-D shaped detail in the paper are presented. The simulation model takes into account tool and detail vibrations. The regeneration mechanism is embedded into the model. The diagram of tool speed influence on the vibration amplitudes and cutting forces magnitudes for the different area of the tool path are determined. The system dynamic parameters and the vibrations behavior and their effect on the machined surface shape for favourable and unwanted regimes are analyzed. The effect of the dynamic characteristics alteration of the workpiece while stock removal on the process behavior is considered. Some recommendations for the efficient cutting conditions setting on the base of the model application and the obtained results in the conclusion are discussed.

scholarly journals Proposal for an approach to evaluate continuity in service supply chains: Case of the Moroccan electricity supply chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houda Mezouar ◽  
Abdellatif El Afia
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Business Process Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Process Behavior ◽  
Service Supply Chains

The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to analyse and evaluate continuity in Service Supply Chain (SSC), through a case study. This approach is based on the data-driven quality strategy "Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control" (DMAIC) which is used to drive Six Sigma projects, and on the characteristics of Smart Supply Chain. It combines Business process management (BPM), Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR), and the Root cause analysis tree diagram. The chosen case study is the electricity SCC, especially the business process 'management of electricity for residential buildings' of the Moroccan electricity SSC. The paper shows that the suggested approach identifies the discontinuity causes for the studied SSC, improves the business process behavior and manages its control by providing a dashboard that encompasses KPIs for periodically controlling of the SSC "to-be" state.

Predicting process behavior meets factorization machines

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Lam Jonathan Lee ◽  
Denis Parra ◽  
Jorge Munoz-Gama ◽  
Marcos Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Process Behavior
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