Plant Molecular Breeding: Perspectives from Plant Biotechnology and Marker-Assisted Selection

2014 ◽  
pp. 168-183
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Plant Biotechnology

Molecular breeding for combating salinity stress in sorghum: progress and prospects.

2021 ◽  
pp. 421-432
Author(s):  
Nidhi Chakma ◽  
Moutoshi Chakraborty ◽  
Salma Bhyan ◽  
Mobashwer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Qtl Validation ◽  
Marker Validation ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Abstract This chapter discusses current progress and prospects of molecular breeding and strategies for developing better saline-tolerant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties. Most molecular breeding techniques for salt tolerance have been carried out in controlled environments where the plants were not exposed to any variation of the surrounding environment, producing reliable results. Due to the polygenic nature of salt tolerance, the identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) could be false QTLs. Therefore, QTL validation is important in different plant populations and field conditions. Subsequently, marker validation is important before utilizing marker-assisted selection for screening salt-tolerant plants. Combining molecular breeding with conventional breeding can hasten the development of salt-tolerant sorghum varieties.

Molecular breeding: marker-assisted selection combined with biolistic transformation for blast and bacterial blight resistance in Indica rice (cv. CO39)

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanan N. Narayanan ◽  
Niranjan Baisakh ◽  
Norman P. Oliva ◽  
Casiana M. VeraCruz ◽  
Samuel S. Gnanamanickam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Biolistic Transformation ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance

scholarly journals Future of plant biotechnology in crop improvement

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Vishwanath P. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World

Cultivation of crops having multiple durable resistance to diseases and pests will be made easier by plant biotechnology. Transgenes and marker-assisted selection will aid in the development of high yielding crops, which will be needed to feed the world and save land for the conservation of plant biodiversity in natural habitats. The genetic base of crop production will be conserved and further widened by the integration of biotechnology tools in conventional breeding. Utilization of specific genotypes to particular cropping systems will be facilitated. Value-added high quality crops will be obtained through multidisciplinary collaboration among plant breeders, biotechnologists, natural product chemists and other plant scientists. Himalayan Journal of Sciences 1(1): 17-20, 2003

Molecular breeding for improving waterlogging tolerance in wheat.

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-115
Author(s):  
R. Esten Mason ◽  
Trenton L. Roberts ◽  
Richard Boyles ◽  
Andrea Acuna ◽  
Maria N. Arguello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Underlying Soil ◽  
Uptake And Transport

Abstract This chapter summarizes the current understanding of the response of wheat to waterlogging stress, the genetic control of uptake and transport of macro- and micronutrients, and the QTLs and genes associated with tolerance mechanisms. Potential targets for molecular breeding through marker-assisted selection and the potential for genomic selection are discussed in order to provide a better understanding of the biology and genes underlying soil waterlogging tolerance, as well as clarity and direction for breeders for future molecular breeding targets to expedite cultivar development.

scholarly journals Fine Mapping of Qph9, A Major Quantitative Trait Locus, Responsible for Plant Height In Foxtail Millet [Setaria Italica (L.) P. Beauv.]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofen Du ◽  
Zhilan Wang ◽  
Kangni Han ◽  
Shichao Lian ◽  
Yuxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Major Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Variation Explained

Abstract Plant height is vital for crop yield by influencing plant architecture and resistance to lodging. Although lots of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling plant height had been mapped in foxtail millet, their contributions to phenotypic variation were generally small and mapping regions were relatively large, indicating the difficult application in molecular breeding using marker-assisted selection. In the present paper, a total of 23 QTLs involving in 15 traits were identified via a high-density Bin map containing 3024 Bin markers with an average distance of 0.48 cM from an F2 population. Among them, qPH9 with a large phenotypic variation explained (51.6%) related to plant height, was one of the major QTLs. Furthermore, qPH9 was repeatedly detected in multi-environments under field conditions using two new F2 population from the same F1 plant, and was narrowed down to a smaller interval of 281 kb using 1024 recessive individuals of F2 population. Finally, we found that there was an extremely significant correlation between marker MRI1016 and plant height, and speculated that Seita.9G088900 and Seita.9G089700 could be key candidates of qPH9. This study laid an important foundation for the cloning of qPH9 and molecular breeding of dwarf varieties via marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Molecular breeding for resilience in maize - A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063
Author(s):  
Asima Gazal ◽  
Z. A. Dar ◽  
A. A. Lone ◽  
I. Abidi ◽  
G. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Breeding Research

Abiotic and biotic constraints have widespread yield reducing effects on maize and should receive high priority for maize breeding research. Molecular Breeding offers opportunities for plant breeders to develop cultivars with resilience to such diseases with precision and in less time duration. The term molecular breeding is used to describe several modern breeding strategies, including marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted backcrossing, marker-assisted recurrent selection and genomic selection. Recent advances in maize breeding research have made it possible to identify and map precisely many genes associated with DNA markers which include genes governing resistance to biotic stresses and genes responsible for tolerance to abiotic stresses. Marker assisted selection (MAS) allows monitoring the presence, absence of these genes in breeding populations whereas marker assisted backcross breeding effectively integrates major genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) with large effect into widely grown adapted varieties. For complex traits where multiple QTLs control the expression, marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) are employed to increase precision and to reduce cost of phenotyping and time duration. The biparental mapping populations used in QTL studies in MAS do not readily translate to breeding applications and the statistical methods used to identify target loci and implement MAS have been inadequate for improving polygenic traits controlled by many loci of small effect. Application of GS to breeding populations using high marker densities is emerging as a solution to both of these deficiencies. Hence, molecular breeding approaches offers ample opportunities for developing stress resilient and high-yielding maize cultivars.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of the associations between phenolic monoterpenes and molecular markers, AFLPs and SAMPLs in the spice plant Oregano

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Azizi ◽  
Hamidreza Ardalani ◽  
Bernd Honermeier
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Summary Introduction: Molecular markers are the examples of the contribution of genome technology to medicinal plant breeding through marker-assisted selection (MAS) for pharmaceutical quality. Objective: Forty-two accessions of Origanum vulgare L. originating from Europe were evaluated to detect genomic and chemotypic polymorphisms and to discover possible associations between them. Methods: A total of 477 molecular polymorphisms including 214 AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) and 263 SAMPL (Selectively Amplified Microsatellite Polymorphic Loci) were used for genotyping. Components in the essential oils were identified and quantified by gas chromatography (GC) and two major compounds (two economically important monoterpenes: carvacrol and thymol) were investigated. Results: Based on results, a relatively high correlation between chemotypic patterns and genetic markers was identified. Associations between traits of interest for essential oils (carvacrol and thymol content) and genetic markers were tested using five statistical methods including three General Linear Model (GLM) and two unified Mixed Linear Model (MLM) approaches. Significant associations were found for 3 AFLP and 20 SAMPL with three key traits including essential oil yield, carvacrol and thymol content. Conclusion: These associations can constitute a useful starting point for marker-assisted selection. Therefore, the results provide the basis for molecular breeding of O. vulgare for pharmaceutical purposes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document