Is the presence of bacterial communities related to the urban contamination sources of the 16th century Paranhos spring water tunnel?

2014 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Garcia-Sanchez ◽  
A Miller ◽  
V Jurado ◽  
A Dionisio ◽  
V Muralha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Water Tunnel ◽  
Contamination Sources

Detection of urban subsurface pollution by rapid multiparametric surveys in the 16th century Paranhos spring water tunnel (Porto, Portugal)

2014 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fernandez-Cortes ◽  
E Sanz-Rubio ◽  
A Sanchez-Malo ◽  
S Cuezva ◽  
E Garcia-Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Water ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Water Tunnel

Electrochemical nucleation and growth of copper on iron and aluminum: A TEM study of industrial copper cementation

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
V. Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Metal Surface ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions ◽  
Mine Shaft ◽  
De Re ◽  
Copper Precipitation ◽  
Electrochemical Nucleation ◽  
Interesting System

Georgius Agricola in 1556 in his classical book, “De Re Metallica”, mentioned a strange water drawn from a mine shaft near Schmölnitz in Hungary that eroded iron and turned it into copper. This precipitation (or cementation) of copper on iron was employed as a commercial technique for producing copper at the Rio Tinto Mines in Spain in the 16th Century, and it continues today to account for as much as 15 percent of the copper produced by several U.S. copper companies.In addition to the Cu/Fe system, many other similar heterogeneous, electrochemical reactions can occur where ions from solution are reduced to metal on a more electropositive metal surface. In the case of copper precipitation from solution, aluminum is also an interesting system because of economic, environmental (ecological) and energy considerations. In studies of copper cementation on aluminum as an alternative to the historical Cu/Fe system, it was noticed that the two systems (Cu/Fe and Cu/Al) were kinetically very different, and that this difference was due in large part to differences in the structure of the residual, cement-copper deposit.

Current Incidence and Contamination Sources of Ascariasis in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Hiromu Sugiyama ◽  
Yasuyuki Morishima ◽  
Chisato Kagawa ◽  
Jun Araki ◽  
Takashi Iwaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contamination Sources ◽  
Current Incidence

‘Vat is the clock, Jack?’: Shakespeare and the Technology of Time

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Chiari
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Tactile Contact ◽  
New Instruments

Sophie Chiari opens the volume’s last section with an exploration of the technology of time in Shakespeare’s plays. For if the lower classes of the Elizabethan society derived their idea of time thanks to public sundials, or, even more frequently in rural areas, to the cycles and rhythms of Nature, the elite benefited from a direct, tactile contact with the new instruments of time. Owning a miniature watch, at the end of the 16th century, was still a privilege, but Shakespeare already records this new habit in his plays. Dwelling on the anxiety of his wealthy Protestant contemporaries, the playwright pays considerable attention to the materiality of the latest time-keeping devices of his era, sometimes introducing unexpected dimensions to the measuring of time. Chiari also explains that the pieces of clockwork that started to be sold in early modern England were often endowed with a highly positive value, as timekeeping was more and more equated with order, harmony and balance. Yet, the mechanization of time was also a means of reminding people that they were to going to die, and the contemplation of mechanical clocks was therefore strongly linked to the medieval trope of contemptus mundi.

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