Review of Marine Algae as Source of Bioactive Metabolites: a Marine Biotechnology Approach

Marine Algae ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 203-235 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Marine Biotechnology

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potentials of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites: Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Advances

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Hannan ◽  
Raju Dash ◽  
Md. Nazmul Haque ◽  
Md. Mohibbullah ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism ◽  
Wide Range

Beyond their significant contribution to the dietary and industrial supplies, marine algae are considered to be a potential source of some unique metabolites with diverse health benefits. The pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol homeostasis, protein clearance and anti-amyloidogenic potentials of algal metabolites endorse their protective efficacy against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis which are known to be implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders and the associated complications after cerebral ischemia and brain injuries. As was evident in various preclinical studies, algal compounds conferred neuroprotection against a wide range of neurotoxic stressors, such as oxygen/glucose deprivation, hydrogen peroxide, glutamate, amyloid β, or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and, therefore, hold therapeutic promise for brain disorders. While a significant number of algal compounds with promising neuroprotective capacity have been identified over the last decades, a few of them have had access to clinical trials. However, the recent approval of an algal oligosaccharide, sodium oligomannate, for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease enlightened the future of marine algae-based drug discovery. In this review, we briefly outline the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries for identifying the targets of pharmacological intervention, and then review the literature on the neuroprotective potentials of algal compounds along with the underlying pharmacological mechanism, and present an appraisal on the recent therapeutic advances. We also propose a rational strategy to facilitate algal metabolites-based drug development.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potential and pharmacological significance of the marine algae Gracilaria corticata

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa S. ◽  
Bhuvana B. ◽  
Hemamalini S. ◽  
Janet C. ◽  
Sathesh Kumar K
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Gracilaria Corticata ◽  
Pharmacological Significance ◽  
Life Threatening

Generally seaweeds are an essential source in the field of pharmaceutical industry because of their bioactive metabolites. Life threatening diseases like acquired immuno defieciency syndrome (AIDS), cancer and other infectious diseases can be trated with the constituents present in the Gracilaria species. This paper deals with a compilation of the literature for Gracilaria corticata algae extracts from the beginning of this century with its pharmacological benefits and recognizes opportunities for forthcoming research.

scholarly journals Bioactive Metabolites from Marine Algae as Potent Pharmacophores against Oxidative Stress-Associated Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Biswajita Pradhan ◽  
Rabindra Nayak ◽  
Srimanta Patra ◽  
Bimal Prasad Jit ◽  
Andrea Ragusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Leading Role

In addition to cancer and diabetes, inflammatory and ROS-related diseases represent one of the major health problems worldwide. Currently, several synthetic drugs are used to reduce oxidative stress; nevertheless, these approaches often have side effects. Therefore, to overcome these issues, the search for alternative therapies has gained importance in recent times. Natural bioactive compounds have represented, and they still do, an important source of drugs with high therapeutic efficacy. In the “synthetic” era, terrestrial and aquatic photosynthetic organisms have been shown to be an essential source of natural compounds, some of which might play a leading role in pharmaceutical drug development. Marine organisms constitute nearly half of the worldwide biodiversity. In the marine environment, algae, seaweeds, and seagrasses are the first reported sources of marine natural products for discovering novel pharmacophores. The algal bioactive compounds are a potential source of novel antioxidant and anticancer (through modulation of the cell cycle, metastasis, and apoptosis) compounds. Secondary metabolites in marine Algae, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, could have great therapeutic implications against several diseases. In this context, this review focuses on the diversity of functional compounds extracted from algae and their potential beneficial effects in fighting cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals In Silico Analysis of Interaction between Seaweed-Derived Bioactive Compounds and Selected Diabetes-Related Targets

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. e00074
Author(s):  
T.H. Ogunwa ◽  
T.T. Adeyelu ◽  
R.Y. Fasimoye ◽  
F.C. Ayenitaju
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Allosteric Site ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Chemical Structures

Seaweeds are known for their beneficial health effects in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Numerous bioactive metabolites of diverse chemical structures have been found in the marine algae with attributed potent pharmacological effects. The current study was carried out to gain insights into the precise interaction and the inhibitory mechanism of bioactive components, obtained from seaweed, against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), the enzyme with a crucial role in insulin insensitivity, and α-glucosidase, which performs the key function in postprandial carbohydrate hydrolysis. Inhibitors of these proteins might be suitable for the management of DM type 2. Molecular docking experiments have shown that the antidiabetic compounds preferably bind to the allosteric site of PTP1B, sandwiched between α3, α6 and α7 helices, with a lesser ΔG value in comparison to the active site. Interacting orientation of eckol, dieckol, 7-phloroeckol, and phlorofucofuroeckol-A was comparable to that of the reference compound. In contrast, the compounds interacted with a-glucosidase at the active site with appreciable affinity. Phlorofucofuroeckol-A, dieckol, and eckol demonstrated high inhibitory potential against the protein as compared to acarbose possibly due to the relatively large molecular size and the presence of numerous OH groups, and additional hydrophobic and π-π interactions that are missing in the acarbose-α-glucosidase complex. The estimated affinity of the compounds showed good correlations with experimental results for both enzymes. The described interaction patterns are essential for understanding the mechanisms responsible for the antidiabetic effects of marine algae.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potentials of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites: Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Advances

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Hannan ◽  
Raju Dash ◽  
Md. Nazmul Haque ◽  
Md. Mohibbullah ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism ◽  
Protein Clearance ◽  
Wide Range

Beyond their significant contribution to the dietary and industrial supplies, marine algae are considered to be a potential source of some unique metabolites with diverse health benefits. The pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol homeostasis, protein clearance and anti-amyloidogenic potentials of algal metabolites endorse their protective efficacy against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis which are known to be implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders and the associated complications after cerebral ischemia and brain injuries. As was evident in various preclinical studies, algal compounds conferred neuroprotection against a wide range of neurotoxic stressors, such as oxygen/glucose deprivation, hydrogen peroxide, glutamate, amyloid β, or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and, therefore, hold therapeutic promise for brain disorders. While a significant number of algal compounds with promising neuroprotective capacity have been identified over the last decades, a few of them have had access to clinical trials. However, the recent approval of an algal oligosaccharide, sodium oligomannate, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease enlightened the future of marine algae-based drug discovery. In this review, we briefly outline the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries for identifying the targets of pharmacological intervention, and then review the literature on the neuroprotective potentials of algal compounds along with the underlying pharmacological mechanism, and present an appraisal on the recent therapeutic advances. We also propose a rational strategy to facilitate algal metabolites-based drug development.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Potential of Marine Brown Algae—a Mini Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilina L. Gunathilaka ◽  
Kalpa Samarakoon ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe ◽  
L. Dinithi C. Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Marine Brown Algae

Marine algae are an important source of bioactive metabolites in drug development and nutraceuticals. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and the third leading cause of death worldwide due to lifestyle changes associated with rapid urbanization. Due to the adverse side effects of currently available antidiabetic drugs, search for an effective natural-based antidiabetic drug is important to combat diabetes and its complications. Therefore, in lieu with herbal drug development, it is important to find the potential benefits of seaweeds for the management of type 2 diabetes as they are underexplored yet in Sri Lanka. Among the marine seaweeds, natural bioactive compounds are abundant in brown algae with potentials in application as active ingredients in drug leads and nutraceuticals. Bioactive secondary metabolites are derived from numerous biosynthetic pathways of marine algae which contribute to various chemical and biological properties. Phlorotannins present in marine brown algae exhibited antidiabetic activities through different mechanisms such as the inhibitory effect of enzyme targets mainly by inhibiting the enzymes such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE), aldose reductase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) enzyme. In addition, phlorotannins derived from brown algae have the ability to reduce diabetic complications. Hence, the present review focuses on the different antidiabetic mechanisms of secondary bioactive compounds present in marine brown algae.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ULVA EXTRACTS FROM VISHAKHAPATNAM COAST

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Princely S ◽  
Dhanaraju Md
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Marine Algal

  Objective: Antimicrobial drug resistance is the foremost problem faced worldwide with the current antibiotic therapy in treating infectious diseases. Marine algae were considered as a potential source of biologically active compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer activities.Materials and Methods: In the present investigation, the purified fractions of marine algal crude extracts of different solvents such as aqueous, ethyl acetate (EtAc), and ethanol for antioxidant (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay) and antimicrobial activities (agar well diffusion assay) were evaluated.Results: The extracts of EtAc, ethanol, and water showed minimum inhibitory concentration values of 3.125, 6.25, and 12.25 μg/ml, respectively, for tested bacterial pathogens. The active fractions showed very little activity against Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella Typhi, and no activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of our screening showed that the EtAc marine algal fractions were active against some Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans. The phytochemical analysis of aqueous, ethanolic, and EtAc extracts of marine algae showed the presence of the various phytochemical constituents such as carbohydrates, phenols, and amino acids. The ethanolic extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity as compared to aqueous and EtAc extracts.Conclusion: This work can be extended further to isolate, characterize, and discover more bioactive metabolites from marine algae, which can be exploited for the production of lead molecules in pharmaceuticals for the treatment of chronic diseases.

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