Disturbance, Succession, and Agroecosystem Management

Agroecology ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 259-276
Keyword(s):  
Agroecosystem Management

A Learning Approach to Community Agroecosystem Management

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Groot ◽  
Maria Fernandez ◽  
Andrew Rianga ◽  
Isaac Bekalo ◽  
Grace Muro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Approach ◽  
Agroecosystem Management

Agroecosystem Management Effects on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Across a Coastal Plain Catena

Soil Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine N. Gacengo ◽  
Charles Wesley Wood ◽  
Joey N. Shaw ◽  
Randy L. Raper ◽  
Kipling S. Balkcom
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Agroecosystem Management ◽  
Management Effects

scholarly journals Agroecosystem Management Practices on some Cucumber Plant Parameters using Integrated Fertilization under Green House

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Akram M. Abdul Rahman ◽  
Allaaddin Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cucumber Plant ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Agroecosystem Management

This study was conducted in Tainal watershed, Bazian City, west of Sulaimaniyah, north of Iraq (35º57’31’’N, 45º 17’98’’E), the soil fertility was analyzed before the application of kinds of soil biofertilizer like dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with two concentrations (5g-L, 10 g-L) of dry yeast. Biofertilizers, organic matter like humic acid and chemical fertilizer for more comparison and water as a control. Results using dry yeast (10 g-L) have significant differences in (P?0.05) on the vegetable parameters, plant height, leaf area, yield, the number of harvest day and the weight of root system. Also the humic acid and biofertilizers have a significant effect (P?0.05). The yeast (10 g/L) have significant differences on (P?0.05) on yield (1.3 ton/ha) comparing with control of 48.73 kg/5 m2, and the total leaf area of 1.5 m2 comparing with the control 1.16 m2. The experiment was performed as factorial with randomized completely block design (R.C.B.D) on Cucumber plant type of (SAIF F1) with three replicates; each unit from the 18 unite (plot) contained 18 cucumber plant. The data were analyzed by using XLSTAT program statistically analyst.

scholarly journals Consortia of anti-nematode fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere of soybean plants attacked by root-knot nematodes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Toju ◽  
Yu Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Indigenous Resident ◽  
Agroecosystem Management ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

AbstractCyst and root-knot nematodes are major risk factors of agroecosystem management, often causing devastating impacts on crop production. The use of microbes that parasitize or prey on nematodes has been considered as a promising approach for suppressing phytopathogenic nematode populations. However, as effects and persistence of those biological control agents often vary substantially depending on regions, soil characteristics, and agricultural practices, more insights into microbial community processes are required to develop reproducible control of nematode populations. By performing high-throughput sequencing profiling of bacteria and fungi, we examined how root and soil microbiomes differ between benign and nematode-infected plant individuals in a soybean field in Japan. Results indicated that various taxonomic groups of bacteria and fungi occurred preferentially on the soybean individuals infected by root-knot nematodes. Based on a network analysis of potential microbe–microbe associations, we further found that several fungal taxa potentially preying on nematodes [Dactylellina (Orbiliales), Rhizophydium (Rhizophydiales), Clonostachys (Hypocreales), Pochonia (Hypocreales), and Purpureocillium (Hypocreales)] co-occurred in the soybean rhizosphere at a small spatial scale. Overall, this study suggests how “consortia” of anti-nematode microbes can derive from indigenous (resident) microbiomes, thereby providing basic information for managing anti-nematode microbial communities in agroecosystems.

scholarly journals High-throughput metabarcoding characterises fungal endophyte diversity in the phyllosphere of a barley crop

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Bridget Milazzo ◽  
Katherine Grace Zulak ◽  
Mariano Jordi Muria-Gonzalez ◽  
Darcy Jones ◽  
Matthew Power ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Agroecosystem Management

Over the last decade, the microbiome has received increasing attention as a key factor in macroorganism fitness. Sustainable pest management requires an understanding of the complex microbial endophyte communities existing symbiotically within plants and the way synthetic pesticides interact with them. Fungal endophytes are known to benefit plant growth and fitness and may deter pests and diseases. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) have enabled integrative microbiome studies especially in agricultural contexts. Here we profile the fungal endophyte community in the phyllosphere of two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars exposed to two systemic foliar fungicides using metabarcoding, a HTS tool that constructs community profiles from environmental DNA (eDNA). We studied the fungal nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) D2 and ITS2 DNA markers through a bioinformatics pipeline introduced here. We found 88 and 128 unique amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) using the D2 and ITS2 metabarcoding assays, respectively. With principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA, ASV diversity did not change in response to barley cultivar or fungicide treatment, however the community structure of unsprayed plants did change between two collection times eight days apart. The workflow described here can be applied to other microbiome studies in agriculture and we hope it encourages further research into crop microbiomes to improve agroecosystem management.

scholarly journals Climate Change Perception and Adaptation in a Remote Costa Rican Agricultural Community

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Smith ◽  
Maren Oelbermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Agricultural Community ◽  
Agroecosystem Management

Current agroecosystem management practices in tropical latitudes may not be an economically feasible and an effective long-term adaptation strategy to climate change. As such, implementing, improving and refining sustainable land management practices may be a more effective adaptation strategy. This study determined the perception and knowledge of climate change by landowners in a remote Costa Rican agricultural community, and evaluated the type of sustainable agricultural practices currently implemented and how such practices could also serve as a climate change adaptation strategy. Based on this information, recommendations for successful adaptation applicable to other communities were also discussed. This study showed that community members observed changes in local weather patterns over the past decade, which paralleled changes in the distribution patterns of vegetation and wildlife. Results also showed that community members had a good understanding of climate change and its potential impact(s) on agricultural production. Community members were continually striving to implement long-term sustainable agroecosystem management practices to maintain productivity, integrity and agroecosystem resilience while also meeting economic and socioecological needs. For example, implementing seedbanks helped to improve the quality of crops and provided a source of seeds adapted to current climate conditions. Other adaptation strategies included agroforestry for soil and water conservation and as a source of fruits, nuts and forage for people and livestock. The use of livestock nutritional supplements to offset low-quality forage during the now more intense dry season, compared to previous dry seasons, were also used as an adaptation strategy. An affiliation with social networks to help access resources and implement sustainable agriculture and climate change adaptation strategies were essential in this community. Based on surveys with community members, this study developed a 3- stage plan for developing successful adaptation programs for application in other small agricultural communities in tropical latitudes.

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