Micro Irrigation in Egyptian Sandy Soil: Hydraulic Barrier Technique

2016 ◽  
pp. 97-110
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Soil Hydraulic ◽  
Micro Irrigation

scholarly journals Water table effects on measured and simulated fluxes in weighing lysimeters for differently-textured soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wegehenkel ◽  
Horst H. Gerke
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Bottom Boundary ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Abstract Weighing lysimeters can be used for studying the soil water balance and to analyse evapotranspiration (ET). However, not clear was the impact of the bottom boundary condition on lysimeter results and soil water movement. The objective was to analyse bottom boundary effects on the soil water balance. This analysis was carried out for lysimeters filled with fine- and coarse-textured soil monoliths by comparing simulated and measured data for lysimeters with a higher and a lower water table. The eight weighable lysimeters had a 1 m2 grass-covered surface and a depth of 1.5 m. The lysimeters contained four intact monoliths extracted from a sandy soil and four from a soil with a silty-clay texture. For two lysimeters of each soil, constant water tables were imposed at 135 cm and 210 cm depths. Evapotranspiration, change in soil water storage, and groundwater recharge were simulated for a 3-year period (1996 to 1998) using the Hydrus-1D software. Input data consisted of measured weather data and crop model-based simulated evaporation and transpiration. Snow cover and heat transport were simulated based on measured soil temperatures. Soil hydraulic parameter sets were estimated (i) from soil core data and (ii) based on texture data using ROSETTA pedotransfer approach. Simulated and measured outflow rates from the sandy soil matched for both parameter sets. For the sand lysimeters with the higher water table, only fast peak flow events observed on May 4, 1996 were not simulated adequately mainly because of differences between simulated and measured soil water storage caused by ET-induced soil water storage depletion. For the silty-clay soil, the simulations using the soil hydraulic parameters from retention data (i) were matching the lysimeter data except for the observed peak flows on May, 4, 1996, which here probably resulted from preferential flow. The higher water table at the lysimeter bottom resulted in higher drainage in comparison with the lysimeters with the lower water table. This increase was smaller for the finer-textured soil as compared to the coarser soil.

scholarly journals Comparison of response of Scots pine seedlings to micro-irrigation and organic fertilization on a post-arable land at zoo-melioration treatment applied under rainfall-thermal conditions of Bydgoszcz and Stargard Szczeciński

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Roman Rolbiecki ◽  
Cezary Podsiadło ◽  
Andrzej Klimek ◽  
Stanisław Rolbiecki
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Quality Class ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Micro Irrigation

Comparison of response of Scots pine seedlings to micro-irrigation and organic fertilization on a post-arable land at zoo-melioration treatment applied under rainfall-thermal conditions of Bydgoszcz and Stargard Szczeciński Comparison of response of Scots pine seedlings to micro-irrigation and organic fertilization on a post-arable land at zoo-melioration treatment applied under rainfall-thermal conditions of Bydgoszcz and Stargard Szczeciński. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of microirrigation (microjet sprinkling and drip irrigation) and organic fertilization (compost prepared on the base of sewage sludge) on the growth of Scot pine seedlings (Pinus sylvestris L.), cultivated on a post-agricultural ground at zoo-melioration treatment applied, in two different regions. Field experiments were carried out in Kruszyn Krajeński (loose sandy soil of VI quality class) near Bydgoszcz and in Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński (sandy soil of IVb quality class). Irrigation was used in three treatments: without irrigation (control), drip irrigation, microjet sprinkling. Fertilization was used in two variants: mineral fertilization (standard applied in forest nurseries), organic fertilization (compost). Weather conditions of vegetation periods were characterized using the following indices: air temperature (t), rainfall amount (P), Sielianinov's hydrothermic index (K), potential evapotranspiration according to Szarov's formula (Etp), rainfall deficiency (N = Etp - E), quotient Etp/P according to Drupka's proposal. Irrigation significantly increased the height and the diameter of Scot pine seedlings. There were no significant differences in the characters of the growth between the two irrigation systems. Fertilization of Scot pine seedlings with the compost increased significantly the height of seedlings. Interaction of irrigation with organic fertilization in shaping of Scot pine seedling height and diameter was noted. Pine seedlings grown on plots fertilized with compost under irrigation conditions were characterized by increased height and diameter. The better effects were obtained in Lipnik than in Kruszyn Krajeński. Joint effect of organic fertilization and microjet sprinkling positively influenced the density and the species number of Oribatida in Kruszyn Krajeński. Obtained results indicated that the amelioration measures used can positively influence on the growth of Scot pine seedlings on a post-agricultural ground.

ESTIMATION OF SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES OF A SANDY SOIL USING CAPACITANCE PROBES AND GUELPH PERMEAMETER1

Soil Science ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (10) ◽  
pp. 768-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fares ◽  
A. K. Alva ◽  
P. Nkedi-Kizza ◽  
M. A. Elrashidi
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

scholarly journals Effect of Different Applications of Cactus, Rachis of Date Palm Trees and Compost on Hydraulic Properties of Sandy Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-494
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abouleid Ganfoud ◽  
Almustanser-Bellah Mukhtar Gargney ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim Ekhmaj
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

This laboratory study aims to investigate the effect of adding dry grinders of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and palm leaf bases (Rachis) and commercial soil enhancer (Compost) with different mixing ratios (2.5, 5.0, 7.5%, by weight) on improving hydraulic properties of sandy soil. Hydraulic properties included the water retention capacity, the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the moisture content at tension values of 0.3, 1, 10 and 15 bar. These properties were estimated at the beginning of the experiment, and after six months, during which moisture and drying cycles had taken place. Through the obtained results, it was found that all additives improved the soil hydraulic properties, so that the values of the soil retention capacity and soil moisture content versus tension increased. On the other hand, all additives reduced the values of the hydraulic conductivity. The results also indicated lack significant effect of time (at the level of 5%). The different mixing ratios did not significantly affect the hydraulic conductivity (at the level of 5%). However, the results showed that the rachis grinders and the mixture consisting of rachis and cactus outperformed in hydraulic properties as compared with other treatments.

Comparison of the Instantaneous Profile Method and inverse modelling for the prediction of effective soil hydraulic properties

Soil Research ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oagile Dikinya
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Inverse Modelling ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Soil hydraulic conductivity K(θ) and soil water retention θ(h) have been determined from a drainage experiment. Two lysimeters, one filled with a sandy soil and the other with a loamy soil, were set up for a 1-dimensional transient flow experiment. The data were collected after flooding the lysimeters with water. Soil water contents were measured by time domain reflectrometry (TDR) and pressure heads were measured by tensiometers with mercury manometers. The experimental data determined by the instantaneous profile method (IPM) were compared with the results obtained by inverse modelling. The inverse modelling proved to be superior to the IPM methodology in effective prediction of hydraulic properties. The measurable properties water content and pressure head were optimised for the following datasets: water content (WC), pressure head (P-h), and a combination of WC and P-h. For both soils the optimisation of the dataset with both WC and P-h resulted in parameters that corresponded closely to the soil hydraulic data generated by the IPM method. The correspondence for the water retention data was better than for the hydraulic conductivity data. The datasets with WC only or P-h only did not contain enough information to accurately estimate the soil hydraulic properties. In most cases the results indicated that the sandy soil gave better agreement than the loamy soil. This was attributed to the faster drainage of the sandy than the loamy soil.

The relevance of in-situ and laboratory characterization of sandy soil hydraulic properties for soil water simulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 251-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisam Rezaei ◽  
Piet Seuntjens ◽  
Reihaneh Shahidi ◽  
Ingeborg Joris ◽  
Wesley Boënne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Laboratory Characterization ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

EVALUATION OF CLOVERS ON SANDY COASTAL SOIL

1977 ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Williams ◽  
L.B. Anderson ◽  
B.M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Winter Annual

In evaluations of clover performances on summer-dry Himatangi sandy soil, it was found that none could match lucerne over summer. Emphasis was therefore placed on production in autumn-winter- early spring when lucerne growth was slow. Evaluations of some winter annual clover species suggested that Trifolium spumosum, T. pallidum, T. resupinatum, and T. vesiculosum would justify further investigation, along with T. subterraneum which is already used in pastures on this soil type. Among the perennial clover species, Kenya white clover (7'. semipilosum) showed outstanding recovery from drought and was the only species to produce significantly in autumn. However, it failed to grow in winter-early spring. Within red clover, materials of New Zealand x Moroccan origin substantially outproduced the commercial cultivars. Within white clover, material from Israel, Italy and Lebanon, as well as progeny of a selected New Zealand plant, showed more rapid recovery from drought stress and subsequently better winter growth than New Zealand commercial material ('Grasslands Huia'). The wider use of plant material of Mediterranean origin and of plants collected in New Zealand dryland pastures is advocated in development of clover cultivars for New Zealand dryland situations.

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