Characterization of nonlinear viscoelastic material properties of asphalt materials in multiple length scales

2014 ◽  
pp. 1007-1014
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Multiple Length Scales ◽  
Asphalt Materials

scholarly journals Viscoelastic Characterization of Peripapillary Sclera: Material Properties by Quadrant in Rabbit and Monkey Eyes

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Crawford Downs ◽  
J-K. Francis Suh ◽  
Kevin A. Thomas ◽  
Anthony J. Bellezza ◽  
Claude F. Burgoyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Uniaxial Stress ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Linear Viscoelastic ◽  
Viscoelastic Theory ◽  
Linear Viscoelastic Theory

In this report we characterize the viscoelastic material properties of peripapillary sclera from the four quadrants surrounding the optic nerve head in both rabbit and monkey eyes. Scleral tensile specimens harvested from each quadrant were subjected to uniaxial stress relaxation and tensile ramp to failure tests. Linear viscoelastic theory, coupled with a spectral reduced relaxation function, was employed to characterize the viscoelastic properties of the tissues. We detected no differences in the stress-strain curves of specimens from the four quadrants surrounding the optic nerve head (ONH) below a strain of 4 percent in either the rabbit or monkey. While the peripapillary sclera from monkey eyes is significantly stiffer (both instantaneously and in equilibrium) and relaxes more slowly than that from rabbits, we detected no differences in the viscoelastic material properties (tested at strains of 0–1 percent) of sclera from the four quadrants surrounding the ONH within either species group.

A Numerical Study of Plane Longitudinal Waves in a Nonlinear Viscoelastic Material

1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Blake ◽  
J. F. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Waves ◽  
First Order ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic Material ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Lagrangian Form

A numerical study of plane longitudinal waves in a nonlinear viscoelastic material is presented. The constitutive relationship and the conservation equations, in Lagrangian form, are formulated in an explicit first-order finite-difference manner. The mechanical behavior of the material is described by means of state and orientation variables and the associated differential equations. With the use of the numerical procedure we model wave-propagation experiments in polymethyl methacrylate and derive a constitutive relationship for that material. We then use this constitutive equation in a numerical study of the evolution of steady-state waves and we show that the time for the formation of these waves is inversely proportional to magnitude of the imposed velocity.

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