Vanadium Flow Batteries: From Materials to Large-Scale Prototypes

2014 ◽  
pp. 360-407
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Batteries

scholarly journals Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Review Oriented to Fluid-Dynamic Optimization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Iñigo Aramendia ◽  
Unai Fernandez-Gamiz ◽  
Adrian Martinez-San-Vicente ◽  
Ekaitz Zulueta ◽  
Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Large-scale energy storage systems (ESS) are nowadays growing in popularity due to the increase in the energy production by renewable energy sources, which in general have a random intermittent nature. Currently, several redox flow batteries have been presented as an alternative of the classical ESS; the scalability, design flexibility and long life cycle of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) have made it to stand out. In a VRFB cell, which consists of two electrodes and an ion exchange membrane, the electrolyte flows through the electrodes where the electrochemical reactions take place. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are a very powerful tool to develop feasible numerical models to enhance the performance and lifetime of VRFBs. This review aims to present and discuss the numerical models developed in this field and, particularly, to analyze different types of flow fields and patterns that can be found in the literature. The numerical studies presented in this review are a helpful tool to evaluate several key parameters important to optimize the energy systems based on redox flow technologies.

scholarly journals Tuning the Performance of Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries from First Principles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junting Yu ◽  
Tianshou Zhao ◽  
Ding Pan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
First Principles ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Entropy Effects

<div>Aqueous organic redox flow batteries have many appealing properties in the application of large-scale energy storage. The large chemical tunability of organic electrolytes shows great potential to improve the performance of flow batteries. Computational studies at the quantum-mechanics level are very useful to guide experiments, but in previous studies explicit water interactions and thermodynamic effects were ignored. Here, we applied the computational electrochemistry method based on ab initio molecular dynamics to calculate redox potentials of quinones and their derivatives. The calculated results are in excellent agreement with experimental data. We mixed side chains to tune their reduction potentials, and found that solvation interactions and entropy effects play a significant role in side-chain engineering. Based on our calculations, we proposed several high-performance negative and positive electrolytes. Our first-principles study paves the way towards the development of large-scale and sustainable electrical energy storage.</div>

Recent progress in zinc-based redox flow batteries: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixiang Wang ◽  
Haitao Zou ◽  
Xiaobo Zhu ◽  
Mei Ding ◽  
Chuankun Jia
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Membrane Materials ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Abstract Zinc-based redox flow batteries (ZRFBs) have been considered as ones of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies owing to their low cost, high safety, and environmental friendliness. However, their commercial application is still hindered by a few key problems. First, the hydrogen evolution and zinc dendrite formation cause poor cycling life, of which needs to ameliorated or overcome by finding suitable anolytes. Second, the stability and energy density of catholytes are unsatisfactory due to oxidation, corrosion, and low electrolyte concentration. Meanwhile, highly catalytic electrode materials remain to be explored and the ion selectivity and cost efficiency of membrane materials demands further improvement. In this review, we summarize different types of ZRFBs according to their electrolyte environments including ZRFBs using neutral, acidic, and alkaline electrolytes, then highlight the advances of key materials including electrode and membrane materials for ZRFBs, and finally discuss the challenges and perspectives for the future development of high-performance ZRFBs.

Tuning Ferrous Coordination Structure Enables a Highly Reversible Fe Anode for Long-life All-iron Flow Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Song ◽  
Kaiyue Zhang ◽  
Xiangrong Li ◽  
Chuanwei Yan ◽  
Qinghua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Coordination Structure ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Aqueous all-iron flow battery is a promising alternative for large-scale energy storage applications due to low cost and high safety. However, inferior Fe plating/stripping reversibility and hydrolysis of Fe2+ at...

Laboratory XANES to study vanadium species in vanadium redox flow batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. S24-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lutz ◽  
Ursula Elisabeth Adriane Fittschen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Vanadium Redox ◽  
Vanadium Species

The speciation of vanadium in the electrolyte of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) is important to determine the state of charge of the battery. To obtain a better understanding of the transport of the different vanadium species through the separator polymer electrolyte membranes, it is necessary to be able to determine concentration and species of the vanadium ions inside the nanoscopic water body of the membranes. The speciation of V in the electrolyte of VRFBs has been performed by others at the synchrotron by X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES). However, the concentrations are quite high and not necessarily justify the use of a large-scale facility. Here, we show that vanadium species in the electrolyte and inside the ionomeric membranes can be determined by laboratory XANES. We were able to determine V species in the 1.6 M electrolyte with a measurement time of 2.3 h and V species having a concentration of 9.8 g kg−1 inside the membranes (178 µm thick) with a measurement time of 5 h. Our results show that laboratory XANES is an appropriate tool to study these kind of samples.

Large scale energy storage with redox flow batteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiorgio Alotto ◽  
Massimo Guarnieri ◽  
Federico Moro ◽  
Andrea Stella
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Ion exchange membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwei Wu ◽  
Junping Hu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Qingming Zhou ◽  
Wenxin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Abstract In recent years, much attention has been paid to vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) because of their excellent performance as a new and efficient energy storage system, especially for large-scale energy storage. As one core component of a VRB, ion exchange membrane prevents cross-over of positive and negative electrolytes, while it enables the transportation of charge-balancing ions such as H+, $${\text{SO}}_4^{2 - },$$ and $${\text{HSO}}_4^ - $$ to complete the current circuit. To a large extent, its structure and property affect the performance of VRBs. This review focuses on the latest work on the ion exchange membranes for VRBs such as perfluorinated, partially fluorinated, and nonfluorinated membranes. The prospective for future development on membranes for VRBs is also proposed.

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