Contributions of Rare Earth Materials in the Development of the Glass Industry, Crystal Technology, Glass Polishing, Electro- Optical Devices, and the Chemical Industry

2014 ◽  
pp. 272-313
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Glass Industry ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Glass Polishing

Development of optical devices based on rare-earth-doped fluoride fibers

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Nakai ◽  
Masayoshi Horita ◽  
Yukio Noda ◽  
Toshio Tani ◽  
Tomomi Sudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Rare Earth Doped

Manufactured Feldspar-quartz Sand for Glass Industry from Gneiss Quarry Rock Fines Using Dry Rare-earth Magnetic Separation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luanna C. Moura ◽  
Flávio P. André ◽  
Hayla Miceli ◽  
Reiner Neumann ◽  
Luis Marcelo Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Glass Industry ◽  
Quartz Sand

Rare – Earth – Doped Silicate Glass – Ceramic Thin Films for Integrated Optical Devices

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Berneschi ◽  
Guillaume Alombert-Goget ◽  
Cristina Armellini ◽  
B.N.S. Bhaktha ◽  
Massimo Brenci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Silicate Glass ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Planar Waveguides ◽  
Ceramic Thin Films ◽  
Integrated Optical ◽  
Integrated Optical Devices

The possibility to confine the light in optical planar structures represented the milestone for the development of integrated optical devices in different application areas, such as communications and sensing. In particular, rare-earth (RE) doped planar waveguides demonstrated to be an interesting solution in the realization of integrated optical lasers and amplifiers suitable for the generation/regeneration of the signal in metropolitan and local area networks. Nowadays, although these devices are commercially available, the major contribution of the research consists in discovering and developing better combinations of materials and fabrication processes, in order to reduce the costs and increase the performance of the aforesaid devices. In this context glass-ceramic waveguides, activated by RE ions, seem to fully respond to these requests. The aim of this paper is to offer a comprehensive review on the main results obtained in our Labs in the field of glassceramics. Fabrication and characterization of different silicate glass-ceramic thin films, doped with different percentages of RE ions, will be presented and discussed. The interesting results obtained make these systems quite promising for development of high performance integrated optical amplifiers and lasers.

Rare earth oxides for glass polishing

1947 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Urie ◽  
A. W. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Oxides ◽  
Glass Polishing

Rare-earth-ion-doped Al 2 O 3 waveguides for active integrated optical devices

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. B. Bradley ◽  
Feridun Ay ◽  
Tom Blauwendraat ◽  
Kerstin Wörhoff ◽  
Markus Pollnau
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Rare Earth Ion ◽  
Integrated Optical ◽  
Integrated Optical Devices

scholarly journals Characterization and Feasibility Studies on Complete Recovery of Rare Earths from Glass Polishing Waste

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenna Borra ◽  
Thijs Vlugt ◽  
Jeroen Spooren ◽  
Peter Nielsen ◽  
Yongxiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Polishing

One of the main applications of ceria (CeO2) is its use in glass polishing. About 16,000 tonnes of rare earth oxides, which is about 10% of total rare earth production, are used for polishing applications. The waste generated in glass polishing contains rare earths, along with other impurities. In this study, two different glass polishing waste samples were characterized and two different processes were proposed for the complete recovery of rare earths from polishing waste, i.e., an acid-based process and an alkali-based process. The polishing waste samples were characterized with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and particle size analysis. Chemical analysis showed that sample A (CeO2-rich waste from plate glass polishing) contained a high amount of impurities compared to sample B (CeO2-rich waste from mirror polishing). XRD analysis showed that sample B contained CeO2, LaO0.65F1.7 and LaPO4 compounds, whereas sample A contained CaCO3 in addition to rare earth compounds. SEM-EDX analysis showed the presence of alumino-silicates in sample A. Leaching experiments were carried out at 75 °C at different acid concentrations for the recovery of rare earths from polishing waste samples. The leaching results showed that it is difficult to dissolve rare earths completely in acid solutions due to the presence of fluorides and phosphates. Hence, undissolved rare earths in the leach residue were further recovered by an alkali treatment with NaOH. In another approach, polishing waste samples were directly treated with NaOH at 500 °C. After alkali treatment followed by water leaching, rare earths can be completely dissolved during acid leaching. Rare earths from polishing waste can be recovered completely by both the acid-based process and the alkali-based process.

scholarly journals Epitaxial Growth of Single Crystal YAG for Optical Devices

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Syed N. Qadri ◽  
Woohong Kim ◽  
Shyam Bayya ◽  
Brandon Shaw ◽  
Syed B. Qadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Core ◽  
Growth Methods ◽  
Rare Earth Doped

We report the latest progress on fabrication of rare earth doped single crystal yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) core/undoped YAG cladded fibers. Rare-earth doped single crystal core fibers were grown with laser heated pedestal growth methods. In a second step, epitaxial methods were used to grow a single crystalline undoped YAG cladding onto the core fiber. Hydrothermal and liquid phase epitaxy methods utilize the core doped fiber as the seed. X-ray diffraction of cladding reveals an equilibrium (110) morphology. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis shows there is minimal diffusion of rare-earth dopants into the cladding structure. The use of scandium doping is shown to substitute at the Al3+ site, thereby allowing an additional tunability of refractive index of core structure material besides conventional Y3+ site dopants. The use of these epitaxial growth methods enables material compatibility, tuning of refractive index, and conformal growth of cladding structures onto core fibers for optical devices.

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