MIMO Detection Methods

2014 ◽  
pp. 47-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Monteiro ◽  
Ian Wassell ◽  
Nuno Souto
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Ramya Jothikumar ◽  
Nakkeeran Rangaswamy

AbstractThe breadth first signal decoder (BSIDE) is well known for its optimal maximum likelihood (ML) performance with lesser complexity. In this paper, we analyze a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection scheme that combines; column norm based ordering minimum mean square error (MMSE) and BSIDE detection methods. The investigation is carried out with a breadth first tree traversal technique, where the computational complexity encountered at the lower layers of the tree is high. This can be eliminated by carrying detection in the lower half of the tree structure using MMSE and upper half using BSIDE, after rearranging the column of the channel using norm calculation. The simulation results show that this approach achieves 22% of complexity reduction for 2×2 and 50% for 4×4 MIMO systems without any degradation in the performance.


Author(s):  
Anne F. Bushnell ◽  
Sarah Webster ◽  
Lynn S. Perlmutter

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an important mechanism in development and in diverse disease states. The morphological characteristics of apoptosis were first identified using the electron microscope. Since then, DNA laddering on agarose gels was found to correlate well with apoptotic cell death in cultured cells of dissimilar origins. Recently numerous DNA nick end labeling methods have been developed in an attempt to visualize, at the light microscopic level, the apoptotic cells responsible for DNA laddering.The present studies were designed to compare various tissue processing techniques and staining methods to assess the occurrence of apoptosis in post mortem tissue from Alzheimer's diseased (AD) and control human brains by DNA nick end labeling methods. Three tissue preparation methods and two commercial DNA nick end labeling kits were evaluated: the Apoptag kit from Oncor and the Biotin-21 dUTP 3' end labeling kit from Clontech. The detection methods of the two kits differed in that the Oncor kit used digoxigenin dUTP and anti-digoxigenin-peroxidase and the Clontech used biotinylated dUTP and avidinperoxidase. Both used 3-3' diaminobenzidine (DAB) for final color development.


1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Schneppenheim ◽  
H Plendl ◽  
U Budde

SummaryA luminescence assay was adapted for detection of von Willebrand factor multimers subsequent to SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis and electroblotting onto nitrocellulose. The method is as fast as chromogenic detection methods and appears to be as sensitive as autoradiography without the disadvantages of the latter.


2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
Israa Adnan Ibraheam Al-Baghdady ◽  
Ashwak Bassim Jassim ◽  
Zainab Khudher Ahmed

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