Mathematical Description of Postnatal Growth: Z-Scores and Statistical Control Process Analysis

2014 ◽  
pp. 304-325
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Z Scores

VSM as a Tool for Mini-Audit of Information System

2014 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Jan Vavruška ◽  
František Manlig ◽  
František Koblasa
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Current State

The main focus when improving business processes is on the analysis of material flow. Thorough analysis of the information flow and associated information systems is still undervalued. Working with inaccurate and/or obsolete data leads to incorrect outputs that negatively affect the entire control process. Analysis of the state of material has to go hand in hand with the information analysis. A mini audit of the information flow and information system can be carried out, which follows the classic principles of VSM (Value stream mapping), in order to make an initial analysis of the information flow and information system. Information about the current state of the process together with a measure how well it is represented by the model in the information system can be obtained thanks to this mini-audit. This article focuses on this mini-audit and briefly describes the auditing process. The details of how to create VSM maps is discussed with the main focus on an information flow where the key elements are the inputs and the outputs of the job orders for planning and production management. Attention is also focused on the form of delays in discrete-event recording in the production process which appear in the information system.

Association of early postnatal growth trajectory with body composition in term low birth weight infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Khandelwal ◽  
V. Jain ◽  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
M. Kalaivani ◽  
V. K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Growth acceleration or catch-up growth (CUG) in early infancy is a plausible risk factor for later obesity and cardiovascular disease. We postulate that this risk may be mediated by an adverse programming of body composition by CUG in early infancy. The study was aimed at evaluating the association between the pattern of gain in weight and length of term low birth weight (LBW) infants from birth to 6 months, with fat mass percent (FM%) at 6 months. Term healthy singleton LBW infants were enrolled. Baby’s weight and length z-scores were measured at birth and three follow-up visits. Body composition was measured by dual-energy absorptiometry at last visit. A total of 54 babies (28 boys) were enrolled. The mean birth weight and gestation were 2175±180 g and 37.6±0.6 weeks. Follow-up visits were at 1.4±0.0, 3.0±0.3 and 7.2±0.8 months. The proportion of babies who showed CUG [increase in weight for age z-score (∆WAZ)>0.67] from birth to 1.4, 3.0 and 7.2 months was 29.6, 26.4 and 48.5%, respectively. The mean FM% at 7.2 months was 16.6±7.8%. Infants with greater ∆WAZ from birth to 3 and 7.2 months had significantly greater FM% at 7.2 months after adjusting for current age, size and gender. Infants with early CUG (<1.4 months) had higher FM% than infants with no CUG. We conclude that earlier and greater increment in WAZ is positively associated with FM%.

Variability Analysis by Statistical Control Process and Functional Data Analysis — Case of Study Applied to Power System Harmonics Assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Sancho ◽  
Jorge Pastor ◽  
Javier Martínez ◽  
Miguel Angel García
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Statistical Process Control ◽  
Functional Data Analysis ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Statistical Process

Functional data appear in a multitude of industrial applications and processes. However, in many cases at present, such data continue to be studied from the conventional standpoint based on Statistical Process Control (SPC), losing the capacity of analyzing different aspects over the time. In this study is presented a Statistical Control Process based on functional data analysis to identify outliers or special causes of variability of harmonics appearing in power systems which can negatively impact on quality of electricity supply. The results obtained from the functional approach are compared with those obtained with conventional Statistical Process Control that has been done firstly.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Polyamide 6.6 for Textile Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Garcia Peixoto Sacchi ◽  
João Paulo Pereira Marcicano ◽  
Fernando Barros de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Standard Sample ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Polyamide 6.6 ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The study evaluates comparatively some physical and chemical properties of polyamide 6.6 standard and biodegradable. It also evaluates the period of biodegradation of the biodegradable yarn sample and standard sample. The physical properties analyzed were tensile strength, elongation, and tenacity. The chemical properties were related to the behavior of the samples in dyeing and the evaluation of subsequent strength dyeing. The evaluated samples were taken from knitwear produced with polyamide textured filament yarn 80 dtex f 68x1, standard and biodegradable, being purged, bleached, and dyed. The results of the physical tests, although statistically different, have values ​​very near the average, which in practice represent acceptable values ​​within the statistical control process. Both standard and biodegradable samples had the same chemical behavior and there is no difference. Concerning to biodegradation time under laboratory conditions, the carbon dioxide produced by the samples was monitored and measured to determine the percentage of biodegradation according to ASTM D 5511. After 735 days the percentage of biodegradation of the biodegradable yarn was 81.7% and of the normal yarn was 5.2%. This is an expressive gain in ecological terms for synthetic fiber.

scholarly journals Features, Opportunities and Application of Control Cards Accumulated Sum. Part 2. Numerical Method for Assessing the Disorder of a Technological Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
E. Volodarsky ◽  
L. Kosheva ◽  
I. Pototsky
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Method ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Cumulative Sum ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Process Detection ◽  
Cumulative Sum Charts

The article continues to consider the possibility of maintaining the technological process in a statistical control state with the use of cumulative sum charts. A numerical method for estimating the statistical controllability of a process using a scheme of decision intervals based on a computational algorithm is considered. Cumulative sum charts can provide an out-of-control process detection and, unlike a regular Shewhart charts, allow determine quickly and accurately the process change area, as well as when corrective action is required. Unlike the graphical method using the V-mask, when the mandatory presence of an operator is required to monitor the state of the process, the numerical estimation method using the decision interval scheme can be automated and provide appropriate signals without operator involvement. The method under consideration reveals a point in time when a change in process cannot be caused solely by the influence of random causes, that is, there is a significant systematic influence, a disorder of the process and a shift in the primary level of adjustment. The use of the same V-mask allows to solve the opposite problem: when fixing the moment of disorder of the technological process to determine what time this event took place. When constructing a V-mask, its «opening angle» is directly related to the maximum permissible displacement of the process and, based on the requirements for the quality of the technological pro­cess, it is necessary to have an aggregate (set) of such V-masks. When applying the numerical method, this problem does not occur. The article shows the equivalence of graphical and numerical methods theoretically and numerically, which, given the certain undoubted advantages of the latter, proves the prospect of its application.

Poor postnatal weight growth is a late finding after sepsis in very preterm infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-304
Author(s):  
Dustin D Flannery ◽  
Erik A Jensen ◽  
Lauren A Tomlinson ◽  
Yinxi Yu ◽  
Gui-Shuang Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Failure ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Z Scores

ObjectiveTo characterise the association between sepsis and postnatal weight growth when accounting for the degree of growth restriction present at birth.DesignRetrospective matched cohort study using data from the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity study. Participants were born with birth weights of <1500 g or gestational ages of <32 weeks between 2006 and 2011 at 29 neonatal centres in the USA and Canada. Sepsis was defined as a culture-confirmed bacterial or fungal infection of the blood or cerebrospinal fluid before 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age (PMA). Growth was assessed as the change in weight z-score between birth and 36 weeks’ PMA.ResultsOf 4785 eligible infants, 813 (17%) developed sepsis and 693 (85%) were matched 1:1 to controls. Sepsis was associated with a greater decline in weight z-score (mean difference −0.09, 95% CI −0.14 to −0.03). Postnatal weight growth failure (decline in weight z- score>1) was present in 237 (34%) infants with sepsis and 179 (26%) controls (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.97). Longitudinal growth trajectories showed similar initial changes in weight z-scores between infants with and without sepsis. By 3 weeks after sepsis onset, there was a greater decline in weight z-scores relative to birth values in those with sepsis than without sepsis (delta z-score −0.89 vs −0.77; mean difference −0.12, 95% CI −0.18 to −0.05). This significant difference persisted until 36 weeks or discharge.ConclusionInfants with sepsis had similar early weight growth trajectories as infants without sepsis but developed significant deficits in weight that were not apparent until several weeks after the onset of sepsis.

Nonlinear Dynamics Mechanism for Stability Control of the Overlapped Tunnels System

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Cui Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Underground Engineering ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Control Principle

The stability control of the overlapped tunnels system has been one of the hot issues and difficulties in tunnel and underground engineering field. According to the whole process analysis for instability evolution of the overlapped tunnels, its nonlinear dynamics characteristics are studied by the nonlinear dynamics method, including material and energy metabolism, fluctuation, thermodynamics irreversible process, correlation dimension and entropy. On this basis, combining with stability control measures such as grouting, bolt and gunite and so on, the dynamics mechanism and energy dissipation mechanism for stability control of the overlapped tunnels system are studied by synergetics and dissipative structure theory. The nonlinear dynamics evolution law of the control process is also revealed. This research is not only able to provide theoretical support for establishing optimal control model and risk control principle based the nonlinear dynamics, but also of great significance for the stability control technology of the overlapped tunnels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document