Tree Breeding

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Priyadarshan
Keyword(s):  
Tree Breeding

scholarly journals Four chromosome scale genomes and a pan-genome annotation to accelerate pecan tree breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Lovell ◽  
Nolan B. Bentley ◽  
Gaurab Bhattarai ◽  
Jerry W. Jenkins ◽  
Avinash Sreedasyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Annotation Database ◽  
Pan Genome ◽  
Genome Integration ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Quantitative Genomics

AbstractGenome-enabled biotechnologies have the potential to accelerate breeding efforts in long-lived perennial crop species. Despite the transformative potential of molecular tools in pecan and other outcrossing tree species, highly heterozygous genomes, significant presence–absence gene content variation, and histories of interspecific hybridization have constrained breeding efforts. To overcome these challenges, here, we present diploid genome assemblies and annotations of four outbred pecan genotypes, including a PacBio HiFi chromosome-scale assembly of both haplotypes of the ‘Pawnee’ cultivar. Comparative analysis and pan-genome integration reveal substantial and likely adaptive interspecific genomic introgressions, including an over-retained haplotype introgressed from bitternut hickory into pecan breeding pedigrees. Further, by leveraging our pan-genome presence–absence and functional annotation database among genomes and within the two outbred haplotypes of the ‘Lakota’ genome, we identify candidate genes for pest and pathogen resistance. Combined, these analyses and resources highlight significant progress towards functional and quantitative genomics in highly diverse and outbred crops.

Structure of genetic variation in vegetative phenology of Cedrela odorata L.: implications for tree breeding

New Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Hernández-Máximo ◽  
J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Javier López-Upton ◽  
Vicente Sánchez-Monsalvo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Cedrela Odorata ◽  
Vegetative Phenology

scholarly journals Biotech/GM crops in horticulture: plum cv. HoneySweet resistant to Plum pox virus

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S43-S48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polák ◽  
J. Kumar ◽  
B. Krška ◽  
M. Ravelonandro
Keyword(s):  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Infection Pressure ◽  
Public Sector Research ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Chlorotic Leaf ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Commercialisation of Biotech/GM (Biotech) crops started in 1995. Not only field crops, but also horticultural transgenic crops are under development and are beginning to be commercialised. Genetic engineering has the potential to revolutionise fruit tree breeding. The development of transgenic fruit cultivars is in progress. Over the past 20 years an international public sector research team has collaborated in the development of HoneySweet plum which is highly resistant to Plum pox virus (PPV) the most devastating disease of plums and other stone fruits. HoneySweet was deregulated in the USA in 2010. HoneySweet (aka C5) has been evaluated for eleven years (2002–2012) in a regulated field trial in the CzechRepublic for the resistance to PPV, Prune dwarf virus (PDV), and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), all of them being serious diseases of plum. Even under the high and permanent infection pressure produced through grafting, PPV has only been detected in HoneySweet trees in several leaves and fruits situated close to the point of inoculum grafting. The lack of infection spread in HoneySweet demonstrates its high level of PPV resistance. Co-infections of PPV with PDV and/or ACLSV had practically no influence on the quantity and quality of HoneySweet fruit which are large, sweet, and of a high eating quality. In many respects, they are superior to the fruits of the well-known cultivar Stanley. Many fruit growers and fruit tree nurseries in the CzechRepublic are supportive of the deregulation of HoneySweet plum to help improve the plum production and control the spread of PPV.

scholarly journals The Success of Tree Breeding in the Southern US

BioResources ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve McKeand
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
State University ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Us

Nowhere in the world have tree improvement and silviculture had a bigger impact on forest productivity and value to landowners than in the southern US. The economic impact from almost 60 years of tree improvement in the southern United States has been staggering. For example, over 300,000 hectares are planted each year with seedlings from the breeding efforts with loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) by members and staff of the North Carolina State University Cooperative Tree Improvement Program. The present value of continued genetic gains from traditional tree improvement efforts is estimated to be $2.5 billion USD to landowners and citizens in the southern US.

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