Jet Engines and Jet Fuel

2014 ◽  
pp. 367-382
Keyword(s):  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Jet Engines

Quantification of major and trace elements contained in aircraft JET A-1 fuel by in-vacuum PIXE analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1950016
Author(s):  
Katsumi Saitoh ◽  
Akihiro Fushimi ◽  
Nobuyuki Takegawa ◽  
Koichiro Sera
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Exhaust Particles

To characterize the chemical composition of aircraft exhaust particles, we developed a treatment method of jet fuel for an elemental analysis by an in-vacuum PIXE system. Eleven elements (Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) were identified from each sample. The concentrations of S from five JET A-1 fuel samples collected on different days ranged from 30.4 to 440 wt.-ppm. The concentration level of S agreed well with the measurement results obtained by an in-air PIXE analysis, which we have previously performed to determine the major content elements and their concentration levels. Nine elements out of the identified 11 elements (Si, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb), which were not detected by the in-air PIXE analysis, were detected in all the JET A-1 fuel samples measured. Among these elements, Si, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were found to be the major components. It is suggested that particles emitted from aircraft jet engines, which are generally in the size range smaller than 100 nm (ultrafine particles: UFPs), may contain Si, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb. These findings provide useful insights into the source apportionment of UFPs in and around airports.

scholarly journals Focus on Fans

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (08) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Fuel Use ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Fan Performance ◽  
Aircraft Flight ◽  
History Of

This article discusses ongoing research in the area of turbofans used in jet engines. P&W’s gear facilities in Middletown Connecticut have been developing the fan gearbox over a period of 20 years. The company has a long history of gearbox experience associated with their very popular turboprop gas turbines at Pratt & Whitney Canada. Field tests have shown that the geared turbofan has a much lower level of noise. Currently, some airlines have as much as 35–60% of their operating costs in jet fuel use. If the geared fan engine does indeed significantly reduce fuel use, this improvement in fan performance will be hard for the competition to beat. Another way to improve fan performance is to change the pitch of fan blades, during an aircraft flight cycle. Rotating Composite Technologies, a small firm in Kensington, Conn. has also come up with a unique patented design for the variable pitch fan that promises to overcome the deficiencies of those tested in the 1990s.

AERODYNAMIC EXPERIMENTAL PLANTS FOR AIR-JET ENGINES

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-209
Author(s):  
Oleg Vasilyevich Voloschenko ◽  
Sergey Anatolyevich Zosimov ◽  
Aleksey Anatolyevich Nikolaev ◽  
Vladimir Nikitovich Ostras ◽  
Valeriy Nikolaevich Sermanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jet Engines ◽  
Air Jet

Liquid Jet Fuel Property Impacts on Combustion Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Lucas ◽  
Radi A. Alsulami ◽  
Bret C. Windom
Keyword(s):  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Fuel Property ◽  
Combustion Performance

PROPAGATION OF THE BURNING WAVE IN A PULSED DETONATION COMBUSTOR OPERATING ON MIXTURES OF HEPTANE AND JET A-1 WITH AIR AND OXYGEN AT [O2/AIR] < 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. ASSAD ◽  
◽  
O. G. PENYAZKOV ◽  
I. I. CHERNUHO ◽  
K. ALHUSSAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Combustion Wave ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Burning Wave ◽  
Pulsed Detonation ◽  
Combustion Wave Propagation ◽  
Fuel Jet

This work is devoted to the study of the dynamics of combustion wave propagation in oxygen-enriched mixtures of n-heptane with air and jet fuel "Jet A-1" in a small-size pulsed detonation combustor (PDC) with a diameter of 20 mm and a length less than 1 m. Experiments are carried out after the PDC reaches a stationary thermal regime when changing the equivalence ratio (ϕ = 0.73-1.89) and the oxygen-to-air ratio ([O2/air] = 0.15-0.60). The velocity of the combustion wave is determined by measuring the propagation time of the flame front between adjacent pressure sensors that form measurement segements along the PDC.

RHENIUM

Alloy Digest ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Filler Wire ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Powder Metal

Abstract Pure rhenium is used in electronic applications, as filler wire in welding, and as an alloying addition to superalloys used in jet engines. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and microstructure. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: RE-2. Producer or source: Rhenium Metals Inc. (Rhenium Alloys Inc.).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document