Signaling Molecules Involved in the Postharvest Stress Response of Plants: Quality Changes and Synthesis of Secondary Metabolites

2014 ◽  
pp. 289-308
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Quality Changes

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome combined with metabolome analyses revealed key factors involved in nitric oxide (NO)-regulated cadmium stress adaptation in tall fescue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Huihui Zhu ◽  
Honglian Ai ◽  
Zhengrong Hu ◽  
Dongyun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
No Donor

Abstract Background It has been reported that nitric oxide (NO) could ameliorate cadmium (Cd) toxicity in tall fescue; however, the underlying mechanisms of NO mediated Cd detoxification are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of Cd detoxification process by comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. Results The application of Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as NO donor decreased the Cd content of tall fescue by 11% under Cd stress (T1 treatment), but the Cd content was increased by 24% when treated with c-PTIO together with L-NAME (T2 treatment). RNA-seq analysis revealed that 904 (414 up- and 490 down-regulated) and 118 (74 up- and 44 down-regulated) DEGs were identified in the T1 vs Cd and T2 vs Cd comparisons, respectively. Moreover, metabolite profile analysis showed that 99 (65 up- and 34-down- regulated) and 131 (45 up- and 86 down-regulated) metabolites were altered in the T1 vs Cd and T2 vs Cd comparisons, respectively. The integrated analyses of transcriptomic and metabolic data showed that 81 DEGs and 15 differentially expressed metabolites were involved in 20 NO-induced pathways. The dominant pathways were involved in antioxidant activities such as glutathione metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, secondary metabolites such as flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and nitrogen metabolism. Conclusions In general, the results revealed that there are three major mechanisms regulated by NO in Cd stress response in tall fescue: (a) antioxidant capacity enhancement; (b) accumulation of secondary metabolites related to cadmium chelation and sequestration; and (c) regulation of cadmium ion transportation, such as ABC transporter activation. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the NO-mediated cadmium stress response.

scholarly journals The bZIP Transcription Factor AflRsmA Regulates Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis, Oxidative Stress Response and Sclerotium Formation in Aspergillus flavus

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Xiuna Wang ◽  
Wenjie Zha ◽  
Linlin Liang ◽  
Opemipo Esther Fasoyin ◽  
Lihan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Bzip Transcription Factor

Fungal secondary metabolites play important roles not only in fungal ecology but also in humans living as beneficial medicine or harmful toxins. In filamentous fungi, bZIP-type transcription factors (TFs) are associated with the proteins involved in oxidative stress response and secondary metabolism. In this study, a connection between a bZIP TF and oxidative stress induction of secondary metabolism is uncovered in an opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus flavus, which produces carcinogenic and mutagenic aflatoxins. The bZIP transcription factor AflRsmA was identified by a homology research of A. flavus genome with the bZIP protein RsmA, involved in secondary metabolites production in Aspergillus nidulans. The AflrsmA deletion strain (ΔAflrsmA) displayed less sensitivity to the oxidative reagents tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) in comparison with wild type (WT) and AflrsmA overexpression strain (AflrsmAOE), while AflrsmAOE strain increased sensitivity to the oxidative reagents menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) compared to WT and ΔAflrsmA strains. Without oxidative treatment, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production of ΔAflrsmA strains was consistent with that of WT, but AflrsmAOE strain produced more AFB1 than WT; tBOOH and MSB treatment decreased AFB1 production of ΔAflrsmA compared to WT. Besides, relative to WT, ΔAflrsmA strain decreased sclerotia, while AflrsmAOE strain increased sclerotia. The decrease of AFB1 by ΔAflrsmA but increase of AFB1 by AflrsmAOE was on corn. Our results suggest that AFB1 biosynthesis is regulated by AflRsmA by oxidative stress pathways and provide insights into a possible function of AflRsmA in mediating AFB1 biosynthesis response host defense in pathogen A. flavus.

scholarly journals Flooded soybean metabolomic analysis reveals important primary and secondary metabolites involved in the hypoxia stress response and tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Duarte Coutinho ◽  
Liliane Marcia Mertz Henning ◽  
Silas Aurelian Döpp ◽  
Alexandre Nepomuceno ◽  
Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hypoxia Stress

Targeting the Osmotic Stress Response for Strain Improvement of an Industrial Producer of Secondary Metabolites

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1787-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio Godinez ◽  
Paul Dyson ◽  
Ricardo del Sol ◽  
Javier Barrios-Gonzalez ◽  
Cesar Millan-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Osmotic Stress Response

scholarly journals Transcriptional Responses to ppGpp and DksA

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Gourse ◽  
Albert Y. Chen ◽  
Saumya Gopalkrishnan ◽  
Patricia Sanchez-Vazquez ◽  
Angela Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Stringent Response ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Nutrient Deprivation ◽  
Secondary Channel ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Transcription Regulators ◽  
Bacterial Domain

The stringent response to nutrient deprivation is a stress response found throughout the bacterial domain of life. Although first described in proteobacteria for matching ribosome synthesis to the cell's translation status and for preventing formation of defective ribosomal particles, the response is actually much broader, regulating many hundreds of genes—some positively, some negatively. Utilization of the signaling molecules ppGpp and pppGpp for this purpose is ubiquitous in bacterial evolution, although the mechanisms employed vary. In proteobacteria, the signaling molecules typically bind to two sites on RNA polymerase, one at the interface of the β′ and ω subunits and one at the interface of the β′ secondary channel and the transcription factor DksA. The β′ secondary channel is targeted by other transcription regulators as well. Although studies on the transcriptional outputs of the stringent response date back at least 50 years, the mechanisms responsible are only now coming into focus.

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