Hormonal Regulation of Tuber Formation in Potato

2013 ◽  
pp. 3-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Aksenova ◽  
Lidiya Sergeeva ◽  
Oksana Kolachevskaya ◽  
Georgy Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Tuber Formation

Dioscorea alata Tuber Proteome Analysis Uncovers Differentially Regulated Growth Associated Pathways of Tuber Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Renu Deswal
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Tuber Formation ◽  
Tuber Growth ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Glutathione Cycle

Abstract During its life cycle Dioscorea tuber undergoes multiple morphological and biochemical changes. To gain a better understanding of the metabolic changes associated with the tuber growth a stage specific gel free proteome analysis of four distinct morphological stages namely germinating tuber (S1), degrading tuber (S2), new tuber formation (S3) and tuber maturation (S4) was done and validated by principal component analysis (PCA). A comprehensive data set identifying 78.2% of the total 3,681 proteins was generated. PANTHER and KEGG MAPPER revealed both expected (carbohydrate metabolism and redox regulation) and novel biological processes (transcription factors and hormonal regulation) characteristic for each developmental stage. Higher abundance of the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle (ASC-GSH) and carbohydrate metabolism was detected during tuber germination (S1) and tuber formation stages (S3) in comparison with the mature tuber. The presence of ethylene biosynthesis components during tuber formation hints towards its probable role in the post- harvest shelf life. The data set comprehensively describes the proteome of Dioscorea tuber and provides growth specific markers for tuber germination (APx, MDHAR, invertase) and tuber formation (sucrose synthase) which were validated by enzyme activity assays and western blotting. The study provides information that may influence the direction of research for improving the productivity of this under-utilized neglected crop.

Hormonal regulation of tuber formation in potato plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Aksenova ◽  
T. N. Konstantinova ◽  
S. A. Golyanovskaya ◽  
L. I. Sergeeva ◽  
G. A. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Tuber Formation ◽  
Potato Plants

GENE ACTIVATION IN MAMMARY CELLS

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (2_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S346-S368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Turkington ◽  
Nobuyuki Kadohama
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Nuclear Proteins ◽  
Mammary Cells ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Mammary Cell

ABSTRACT Hormonal activation of gene transcription has been studied in a model system, the mouse mammary gland in organ culture. Transcriptive activity is stimulated in mammary stem cells by insulin, and in mammary alveolar cells by prolactin and insulin. Studies on the template requirement for expression of the genes for milk proteins demonstrate that DNA methylation has an obligatory dependence upon DNA synthesis, but is otherwise independent from hormonal regulation of mammary cell differentiation. Incorporation of 5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine into DNA selectively inhibits expression of the genes for specific milk proteins. Undifferentiated mammary cells activate the synthesis of specific acidic nuclear proteins when stimulated by insulin. Several of these induced acidic nuclear proteins are undetectable in unstimulated undifferentiated cells, but appear to be characteristic components of the nuclei of differentiated cells. These results indicate that mammary cell differentiation is associated with a change in acidic nuclear proteins, and they provide evidence to support the concept that acidic nuclear proteins may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription and of mammary cell differentiation.

Modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of alterations in reproductive health in women with somatoform disorders and autonomic homeostasis

2016 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Vl.V. Podolsky ◽  
◽  
V.V. Podolsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Artificial Abortion

The objective: the developing of a system of preventive measures and principles of pregravid preparation for women with somatoform disorders and violation of autonomic homeostasis (VAH), in which observed changes in reproductive health (CRH) in the shape of states after undergoing artificial abortion, infertility and uterine fibroids. Patients and methods. Conducted clinical and epidemiological studies in the population of women of fertile age (WFA) allowed identifying for further examination of women with CRH in the form of state after undergoing artificial abortion, infertility and uterine fibroids in women with VAH. Further women were examined, in particular the conducted clinical and instrumental methods of research; determined the state of autonomic homeostasis and psycho emotional health of the biotopes of the organism, immunity; analyzed the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle; performed genetic studies and determined the morphofunctional state of reproductive system. Results. The most frequent complications during pregnancy in women who had CRH in history in the form of abortions, infertility and uterine fibroids and in the background of the PAF, there was a threat of interruption of pregnancy (often in I and II trimester – 56%) and preterm delivery (21%). The study of the catamnesis of further reproductive health found that in the case of well-conducted therapeutic measures in women undergoing artificial abortion, had infertility and uterine leiomyoma in the background of VAH, restore reproductive function, and in 82% of cases occurred a pregnancy. Conclusion. The the provided study of reproductive health, and state of various organs and systems of fertile aged women with somatoform disorders and violations of the autonomic homeostasis allowed to develop preventive measures for these women and pregravid preparation with the inclusion to the therapy Magnesium and vitamins (Magne-В6®). Key words: somatoform disorders, violation of autonomic homeostasis, changes in reproductive health, prevention and treatment, women of fertile age, Magne-В6®.

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