Aqueous-Phase Catalytic Processing in Biomass Valorization to H2 and Liquid Fuels

2011 ◽  
pp. 37-73
Author(s):  
Elif Gürbüz ◽  
Drew Braden ◽  
James Dumesic
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Catalytic Processing

ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Catalytic Conversion of Biobased Chemicals into Liquid Fuels in the Aqueous Phase

ChemInform ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejing Wu ◽  
Yulong Wu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Biobased Chemicals

Catalytic Processing of Coal into Liquid Fuels: Mechanochemical Activation of Coal

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2108-2111
Author(s):  
Kayrbekov Zhaksyntay ◽  
Aubakirov Ermek ◽  
Myltykbaeva Zhannur
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Mechanochemical Treatment ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Mechanochemical Processing ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Catalytic Processing

This paper presents the results of the influence of mechanochemical treatment Karazhyrin coal on the yield of liquid products. Under the mechanochemical processing of coal along with the dispersion its activation is accompanied by significant structural changes of OMC. It is shown that the preliminary mechanochemical treatment contribute to the increase of the degree of conversion of coal in the process of hydrogenation. A more profound transformation of OMC is confirmed by an increase of the yield of liquid products, particularly, the content of the gasoline fraction is increasing.

Heterogeneous Catalytic Conversion of Biobased Chemicals into Liquid Fuels in the Aqueous Phase

ChemSusChem ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1355-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejing Wu ◽  
Yulong Wu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Biobased Chemicals

Microscopic versus process parameters in heavy-oil upgrading

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
V.A. Munoz ◽  
R.J. Mikula ◽  
C. Payette ◽  
W.W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Optical Texture ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Anisotropic Character ◽  
Planar Molecules

The transformation of high molecular weight components present in heavy oils into useable liquid fuels requires their decomposition by means of a variety of processes. The low molecular weight species produced recombine under controlled conditions to generate synthetic fuels. However, an important fraction undergo further recombination into higher molecular weight components, leading to the formation of coke. The optical texture of the coke can be related to its originating components. Those with high sulfur and oxygen content tend to produce cokes with small optical texture or fine mosaic, whereas compounds with relatively high hydrogen content are likely to produce large optical texture or domains. In addition, the structure of the parent chemical components, planar or nonplanar, determines the isotropic or anisotropic character of the coke. Planar molecules have a tendency to align in an approximately parallel arrangement to initiate the formation of the nematic mesophase leading to the formation of anisotropic coke. Nonplanar highly alkylated compounds and/or those rich in polar groups form isotropic coke. The aliphatic branches produce steric hindrance to alignment, whereas the polar groups participate in cross-linking reactions.

Aqueous Phase Diffusion in Crystalline Rock

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Bradbury ◽  
D. Lever ◽  
D. Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Fracture Networks ◽  
Phase Diffusion ◽  
Main Factors

One of the options being considered for the disposal of radioactive waste is deep burial in crystalline rocks such as granite. It is generally recognised that in such rocks groundwater flows mainly through the fracture networks so that these will be the “highways” for the return of radionuclides to the biosphere. The main factors retarding the radionuclide transport have been considered to be the slow water movement in the fissures over the long distances involved together with sorption both in man-made barriers surrounding the waste, and onto rock surfaces and degradation products in the fissures.

Liquid-liquid extraction of succinate using a dicopper cryptate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Mobili ◽  
Sonia La Cognata ◽  
Francesca Merlo ◽  
Andrea Speltini ◽  
Massimo Boiocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Extraction ◽  
Uv Visible

<div> <p>The extraction of the succinate dianion from a neutral aqueous solution into dichloromethane is obtained using a lipophilic cage-like dicopper(II) complex as the extractant. The quantitative extraction exploits the high affinity of the succinate anion for the cavity of the azacryptate. The anion is effectively transferred from the aqueous phase, buffered at pH 7 with HEPES, into dichloromethane. A 1:1 extractant:anion adduct is obtained. Extraction can be easily monitored by following changes in the UV-visible spectrum of the dicopper complex in dichloromethane, and by measuring the residual concentration of succinate in the aqueous phase by HPLC−UV. Considering i) the relevance of polycarboxylates in biochemistry, as e.g. normal intermediates of the TCA cycle, ii) the relevance of dicarboxylates in the environmental field, as e.g. waste products of industrial processes, and iii) the recently discovered role of succinate and other dicarboxylates in pathophysiological processes including cancer, our results open new perspectives for research in all contexts where selective recognition, trapping and extraction of polycarboxylates is required. </p> </div>

Quantum Mechanical Calculations Suggest That Lignin Polymerization Is Kinetically Controlled

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Gani ◽  
Michael Orella ◽  
Eric Anderson ◽  
Michael Stone ◽  
Fikile Brushett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cell ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Radical Coupling ◽  
Kinetically Controlled ◽  
Atomistic Models

Lignin is an abundant biopolymer important for plant function while holding promise as a renewable source of valuable chemicals. Although the lignification process in plant cell walls has been long-studied, a comprehensive, mechanistic understanding on the molecular scale remains elusive. A better understanding of lignification will lead to improved atomistic models of the plant cell wall that could, in turn, inform effective strategies for biomass valorization. Here, using first-principles quantum chemical calculations, we show that a simple model of kinetically-controlled radical coupling broadly rationalizes qualitative experimental observations of lignin structure across a wide variety of biomass types, thus paving the way for predictive, first-principles models of lignification while highlighting the ability of computational chemistry to help illuminate complex biological processes.

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