Biological Evidence of the Efficacy of Light Therapy in Psychiatric Disorders

2013 ◽  
pp. 831-838
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Biological Evidence

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-192
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Brown ◽  
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal ◽  
Daniel P. Cardinali
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Environmental Light ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs) cause disturbances in sleep and wakefulness due to a misalignment between the timing of the body’s intrinsic circadian clock and environmental light and social activity cycles. This chapter reviews these disorders with an emphasis on their neural pathways, genetic mechanisms, and regulatory factors. The authors discuss the relationship of CSRDs to physical and mental health, the treatment of CRSDs with circadian rhythm adjustment techniques, and the relationship of CSRDs to psychiatric disorders, along with potential chronobiologic treatments of psychiatric disorders. The chapter specifically addresses delayed sleep phase disorder, advanced sleep phase disorder, non-24-hour sleep–wake rhythm disorder, irregular sleep–wake disorder, shift work disorder, and chronobiology and psychiatric disorders. Melatonin and bright light therapy are covered.

Seasonality and psychiatric disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 601-601
Author(s):  
M.J. Avelino ◽  
L. Paixão
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Nosologic Entity

IntroductionSeason mood changes are a phenomenon recognised by almost everyone. Who did never experience a little energy decrease or light depressive feelings with the beginning of Autumn or Winter? And the season recurrence of some Psychiatric Disorders, like MDD and BD are sufficiently acknowledged by patients and specialists. There is even a nosologic entity called Seasonal Affective Disorder, which shows more prevalence among Nordic places (where winter days are shorter) and in which light therapy seems a good therapeutic option. Not only in Psychiatry the properties of light therapy were recognised, NR Finsen won the Nobel Prize in 1903 for his work with Heliotherapy (found benefits with sun exposure in some skin diseases). There are various theories that try to explain those assumptions, like summer-winter difference in duration of nightly melatonin release, inability to synchronize circadian rhythms with sleep/wake rhythms and even Vitamin D production.Aims/objectivesThe aim of this work consists on a scientific revision of the origins and the influence extension of seasonality in Psychiatric Disorders (PD) and in therapeutic implications, particularly with some new anti-depressants.MethodsWe make a bibliographic investigation about more recent findings in origins and influence extension of seasonality in PD and the role of new psychopharmacologic approaches in these cases.ResultsThere are some scientific papers in which those maters are analysed.ConclusionThere are some scientific theories about the mechanisms and degree of influence of seasonality in some PD, but the whole process have not been explained nor have been tested.

What's in a model? Network models as tools instead of representations of what psychiatric disorders really are

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna M. van Loo ◽  
Jan-Willem Romeijn
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Model Network

AbstractNetwork models block reductionism about psychiatric disorders only if models are interpreted in a realist manner – that is, taken to represent “what psychiatric disorders really are.” A flexible and more instrumentalist view of models is needed to improve our understanding of the heterogeneity and multifactorial character of psychiatric disorders.

Light Therapy Underwhelming for Acne

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
DOUG BRUNK
Keyword(s):  
Light Therapy

Morning bright light therapy: a helpful tool for reducing comorbid symptoms of affective and behavioral dysregulation in juvenile depressed inpatients? A pilot trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bogen ◽  
Tanja Legenbauer ◽  
Stephanie Gest ◽  
Martin Holtmann
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Bright Light Therapy ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Behavioral Dysregulation ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Circadian Effect ◽  
Dysregulation Profile

Abstract. Objective: In recent years, bright light therapy (BLT) has been used to treat depression and to stabilize circadian rhythms. In this study we evaluated whether it is also helpful for comorbid symptoms of affective and behavioral dysregulation in depressive inpatients. Method: This article reports a secondary analysis comparing two subgroups of depressive participants with comorbid affective and behavioral dysregulation, captured with the dysregulation-profile of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-DP; n = 16 vs. n = 11). Participants were randomly allocated to active BLT (10,000 lux) or control BLT (approx. 100 lux), and received 45 minutes of BLT for 2 weeks. SDQ-DP scores, sleep parameters, and circadian preference were assessed at baseline, after the intervention, and 3 weeks later. Results: No direct effects on SDQ-DP scores were observed. Sleep improved in both conditions. Only in the active BLT condition was a circadian phase advance found. Correlation and regression analyses indicated an indirect, circadian effect for improved SDQ-DP scores. Conclusions: The data of this pilot trial should be considered preliminary and merely descriptive. Further research is warranted.


Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

Sati

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Social Causation ◽  
Gender Role Expectations ◽  
Good Wife ◽  
And Gender

Abstract. Sati as an act of ritual suicide has been reported from the Indian subcontinent, especially among the Hindus, for several centuries. Although legally proscribed, these acts occur even now in modern India. The principle behind such acts has been put forward as the principle of good wife. There is little evidence to suggest that women who commit this act suffer from a formal mental illness. Cultural factors and gender role expectations play a significant role in the act and its consequences. Using recent examples, this paper illustrates the cultural factors, which may be seen as contributing to the act of suicide. Other factors embedded in the act also emphasize that not all suicides have underlying psychiatric disorders and clinicians must take social causation into account while preparing any prevention strategies.

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