Road Accident Reconstruction and Passive Safety

The paper is divided into two parts and deals with the accurate reconstruction of automobile accidents. In the first part of the paper, a mathematical procedure is presented to perform an accident reconstruction with the data that are usually collected by operators after the impact. Some real cases have been considered to validate the procedure. The method has allowed to identify the final location of the impacting vehicles and their initial velocity with reasonable accuracy. The second part of the paper refers to a sensitivity analysis for quantifying the effects on a proper accident reconstruction of the uncertainties of the location of the centre of gravity and of the moment of inertia around the vertical axis of the (two) crashed vehicles. The final aim of such a theoretical investigation is assessing and prescribing the measurement accuracy of the centre of gravity location and of the inertia tensor components of crashed vehicles. An existing test rig for measuring the c.g. location and the inertia tensor of crashed vehicles (pre- and post-impact), meeting the accuracy determined on the basis of the theoretical study, is presented. Contrary with respect to what it seems the current opinion, from our theoretical analysis, it appears that an accurate accident reconstruction needs accurate measurements of both the centre of gravity location and the inertia tensor of crashed automobiles.

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Prospects of scientific research in the field of active and passive safety of vehicles

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201823904018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 239 ◽

pp. 04018

Author(s):

Stanislav Evtukov ◽

Egor Golov ◽

Tatiana Sazonova

Keyword(s):

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Human Error ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Accident ◽

Passive Safety ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Accident Rate ◽

Partial Control ◽

Road Users ◽

Transport Accidents

Road traffic injuries cause colossal socio-economic damage to the society as a whole and irreplaceable losses for injured persons and their relatives. Huge amount of road and transport accidents are caused by human error. The paper studies statistics of road accident rate and influence of human factor on safety. In connection with revealed direct dependence of accident rate and the severity of its consequences on the driver errors, the evolutional path from vehicles without automation of any functions to entirely autonomous vehicles is considered in the paper. In continuation of the dynamic evolution of vehicles, the perspectives for the development of active and passive safety of vehicles are proposed. Reducing the need for full or partial control of a car by the driver provides ample opportunities for people with disabilities to use them, which is an additional incentive to the development of autonomous vehicles. Due to the existing difficulties caused by the unavailability of either road users or legislative or regulatory authorities for switching to autonomous vehicles, there may be scientific and related problems in their implementation in the Russian transport system.

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Study on the Application of Rigid Body Dynamics in the Traffic Accident Reconstruction

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.412 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 707 ◽

pp. 412-416

Author(s):

Ming Ni

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

Traffic Accident ◽

Dynamic Models ◽

Rigid Body Dynamics ◽

Passive Safety ◽

Accident Reconstruction ◽

Actual Situation ◽

Vehicle Accidents ◽

Vehicle Collision ◽

Body Dynamics

The analysis of road vehicle collision accidents reconstruction is a hot automotive passive safety subject. When reconstruct the vehicle collision accidents , start from the final position of the vehicle, and build the back projections by using the kinematic and dynamic models, according to the relevant theory, experimental data. namely: the after collision stage - Collision stage - pre-crash phase to reproduce the actual situation of the entire accident process in time and space. Thus the technical state of vehicle accidents before the collision can be known, and the causes of the accidents can be further analyzed. In this paper, some aspects related to rigid body kinematics and rigid body dynamics will be studied.

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