Nanoscale Anodes of Silicon and Germanium for Lithium Batteries

2013 ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
Harry A. Atwater ◽  
C.M. Yang ◽  
K.V. Shcheglov

Studies of the initial stages of nucleation of silicon and germanium have yielded insights that point the way to achievement of engineering control over crystal size evolution at the nanometer scale. In addition to their importance in understanding fundamental issues in nucleation, these studies are relevant to efforts to (i) control the size distributions of silicon and germanium “quantum dots𠇍, which will in turn enable control of the optical properties of these materials, (ii) and control the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous silicon and germanium films on amorphous insulating substrates so as to, e.g., produce crystalline grains of essentially arbitrary size.Ge quantum dot nanocrystals with average sizes between 2 nm and 9 nm were formed by room temperature ion implantation into SiO2, followed by precipitation during thermal anneals at temperatures between 30°C and 1200°C[1]. Surprisingly, it was found that Ge nanocrystal nucleation occurs at room temperature as shown in Fig. 1, and that subsequent microstructural evolution occurred via coarsening of the initial distribution.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1429-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Jianwen Liang ◽  
Xiaofei Yang ◽  
Keegan R. Adair ◽  
Changhong Wang ◽  
...  

This review focuses on fundamental understanding, various synthesis routes, chemical/electrochemical stability of halide-based lithium superionic conductors, and their potential applications in energy storage as well as related challenges.


1964 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 433-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Bogomolova ◽  
V.N. Lazukin ◽  
I.V. Chepeleva

Author(s):  
Jijeesh Nair ◽  
◽  
Matteo Destro ◽  
Claudio Gerbaldi ◽  
Federico Bella

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 1838-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Pappas ◽  
Stefania Ferrari ◽  
Chaoying Wan

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Bocchetta ◽  
Domenico Frattini ◽  
Miriana Tagliente ◽  
Filippo Selleri

By collecting and analyzing relevant literature results, we demonstrate that the nanostructuring of polypyrrole (PPy) electrodes is a crucial strategy to achieve high performance and stability in energy devices such as fuel cells, lithium batteries and supercapacitors. In this critic and comprehensive review, we focus the attention on the electrochemical methods for deposition of PPy, nanostructures and potential applications, by analyzing the effect of different physico-chemical parameters, electro-oxidative conditions including template-based or template-free depositions and cathodic polymerization. Diverse interfaces and morphologies of polymer nanodeposits are also discussed.


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