Robotic technologies for first response: A review

From moral philosophy to programming driverless cars, scholars have long been interested in how to shape moral decision-making. We examine how framing can impact moral judgments either by shaping which emotional reactions are evoked in a situation (antecedent-focused) or by changing how people respond to their emotional reactions (response-focused). In three experiments, we manipulated the framing of a moral decision-making task before participants judged a series of moral dilemmas. Participants encouraged to go “with their first” response beforehand favored emotion-driven judgments on high-conflict moral dilemmas. In contrast, participants who were instructed to give a “thoughtful” response beforehand or who did not receive instructions on how to approach the dilemmas favored reason-driven judgments. There was no difference in response-focused control during moral judgements. Process-dissociation confirmed that people instructed to go with their first response had stronger emotion-driven intuitions than other conditions. Our results suggest that task framing can alter moral intuitions.

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Undergraduates’ Disclosures of Unwanted Sexual Experiences: Who, Why, and When?

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801219885187 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 107780121988518

Author(s):

C. J. Eubanks Fleming ◽

Emma C. Muscari

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Sexual Experiences ◽

Unwanted Sexual Experiences ◽

First Response ◽

History Of ◽

Assault Survivors

This study evaluated patterns of sexual assault disclosures as well as the response and impact of that response on assault survivors. The sample consisted of 217 undergraduates with a history of sexual assault (89.5% female, 76.5% Caucasian). Participants reported the order in which they disclosed and the nature and impact of the response they received. Results indicated that the majority of participants told close peers first and perceived the first response to be supportive. These findings are encouraging but also demonstrate the need for improving the response that an assault survivor receives.

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A Survey on Robotic Technologies for Forest Firefighting: Applying Drone Swarms to Improve Firefighters’ Efficiency and Safety

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010363 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 363

Author(s):

Juan Jesús Roldán-Gómez ◽

Eduardo González-Gironda ◽

Antonio Barrientos

Keyword(s):

Augmented Reality ◽

Access To Information ◽

Team Leaders ◽

Team Members ◽

Multiple Tasks ◽

Different Types ◽

Complete Survey ◽

Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽

Robotic Technologies

Forest firefighting missions encompass multiple tasks related to prevention, surveillance, and extinguishing. This work presents a complete survey of firefighters on the current problems in their work and the potential technological solutions. Additionally, it reviews the efforts performed by the academy and industry to apply different types of robots in the context of firefighting missions. Finally, all this information is used to propose a concept of operation for the comprehensive application of drone swarms in firefighting. The proposed system is a fleet of quadcopters that individually are only able to visit waypoints and use payloads, but collectively can perform tasks of surveillance, mapping, monitoring, etc. Three operator roles are defined, each one with different access to information and functions in the mission: mission commander, team leaders, and team members. These operators take advantage of virtual and augmented reality interfaces to intuitively get the information of the scenario and, in the case of the mission commander, control the drone swarm.

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Task Analysis of Paramedics in the Ambulance Patient Compartment

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.10.278 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 278-284

Author(s):

Rosnah Mohd Yusuff ◽

Abdul Malik bin Zainal Abidin ◽

Fazlollah Agamohamadi

Keyword(s):

Continuous Quality Improvement ◽

Task Analysis ◽

Medical Equipment ◽

Layout Design ◽

Vehicle Body ◽

High Quality ◽

Occupant Protection ◽

Continuous Quality ◽

Working Space ◽

First Response

An ambulance is designed through the modification of an existing standard vehicle body. By converting, renovating and equipping a standard vehicle body with a patient stretcher, paramedic seats, nearside seats, and related medical equipment, the vehicle becomes an ambulance. Therefore, the requirements and layout of the ambulance interior are constrained by the space available and dimensions of the adopted vehicle. Ambulance occupant protection, safety and ergonomic aspects are usually compromised. High quality and consistent emergency care demand continuous quality improvement and is directly dependent on the effective monitoring, integration, and evaluation of all components of the patients care. Currently, there is no standard or guideline regarding patient compartment layout to help ambulance manufacturers to improve this confine working space. This study aims to assess and evaluate ambulance patient compartment and its effect on the paramedics in performing their tasks. Since the paramedics have to respond to emergencies, their comfort, safety and ease of handling the various equipment in the ambulance has to be considered. A combination of techniques was applied to collect comprehensive data, including interviews, observations and questionnaires which outcomes are used as a basis of suggestions for the improvement in ambulance layout design. By analyzing the tasks performed, a proper layout which considers the ergonomic aspects will ensure that the first response is efficient and reliable.

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