Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention with Benzyl Isothiocyanate

2013 ◽  
pp. 447-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Sehrawat ◽  
Shivendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Benzyl Isothiocyanate

Abstract 1270: Potential metabolic and molecular mechanisms of black raspberry-mediated oral cancer chemoprevention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Oghumu ◽  
Thomas J. Knobloch ◽  
Logan C. Weghorst ◽  
Lei Bruschweiler-Li ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Black Raspberry

Nutraceuticals for prostate cancer chemoprevention: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1613-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Jeffery Fan ◽  
Mandy Liu ◽  
Steven Yeung ◽  
Andy Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention

scholarly journals New Enlightenment of Skin Cancer Chemoprevention through Phytochemicals:In VitroandIn VivoStudies and the Underlying Mechanisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulika Singh ◽  
Shankar Suman ◽  
Yogeshwer Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Skin cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Skin overexposure to ultraviolet irradiations, chemicals, and several viruses has a capability to cause severe skin-related disorders including immunosuppression and skin cancer. These factors act in sequence at various steps of skin carcinogenesis via initiation, promotion, and/or progression. These days cancer chemoprevention is recognized as the most hopeful and novel approach to prevent, inhibit, or reverse the processes of carcinogenesis by intervention with natural products. Phytochemicals have antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and carcinogen detoxification capabilities thereby considered as efficient chemopreventive agents. Considerable efforts have been done to identify the phytochemicals which may possibly act on one or several molecular targets that modulate cellular processes such as inflammation, immunity, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. Till date several phytochemicals in the light of chemoprevention have been studied by using suitable skin carcinogenicin vitroandin vivomodels and proven as beneficial for prevention of skin cancer. This revision presents a comprehensive knowledge and the main molecular mechanisms of actions of various phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of skin cancer.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms Behind the Chemopreventive Effects of Anthocyanidins

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Xing Hou ◽  
Makoto Fujii ◽  
Norihiko Terahara ◽  
Makoto Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Anthocyanins are polyphenolic ring-based flavonoids, and are widespread in fruits and vegetables of red-blue color. Epidemiological investigations and animal experiments have indicated that anthocyanins may contribute to cancer chemoprevention. The studies on the mechanism have been done recently at molecular level. This review summarizes current molecular bases for anthocyanidins on several key steps involved in cancer chemoprevention: (i) inhibition of anthocyanidins in cell transformation through targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and activator protein 1 (AP-1) factor; (ii) suppression of anthocyanidins in inflammation and carcinogenesis through targeting nuclear factorkappaB (NF-κB) pathway andcyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) gene; (iii) apoptotic induction of cancer cells by anthocyanidins through reactive oxygen species (ROS) / c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated caspase activation. These data provide a first molecular view of anthocyanidins contributing to cancer chemoprevention.

scholarly journals Cancer Chemoprevention: Current State of the Art

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. CGM.S11288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin R. Landis-Piwowar ◽  
Neena R. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Current State

The aim of cancer chemoprevention is disruption or delay of the molecular pathways that lead to carcinogenesis. Chemopreventive blocking and/or suppressing agents disrupt the molecular mechanisms that drive carcinogenesis such as DNA damage by reactive oxygen species, increased signal transduction to NF-κB, epigenomic deregulation, and the epithelial mesenchymal transition that leads to metastatic progression. Numerous dietary phytochemicals have been observed to inhibit the initiation phase of carcinogenesis, and therefore are useful in primary chemoprevention. Moreover, phytochemicals are capable of interfering with the molecular mechanisms of metastasis. Likewise, numerous synthetic compounds are relevant and clinically viable as chemopreventive agents during the fundamental stages of carcinogenesis. While molecularly targeted anti-cancer therapies are in constant stages of development, superior patient outcomes are observed if carcinogenic processes are prevented altogether. This article reviews the role of chemopreventive compounds in inhibition of cancer initiation and their ability to reduce cancer progression.

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of antiproliferative action selectivity of dietary isothiocyanates for tumor versus normal human cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 636-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Konic-Ristic ◽  
Tatjana Stanojkovic ◽  
Tatjana Srdic-Rajic ◽  
Sanda Dilber ◽  
Brizita Djordjevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Cervix Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Benzyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Antiproliferative Action ◽  
Antitumor Potential ◽  
Ic50 Values

Background/Aim. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown beneficial effects of cruciferous vegetables consumption in cancer chemoprevention. Biologically active compounds of different Brassicaceae species with antitumor potential are isothiocyanates, present in the form of their precursors - glucosinolates. The aim of this study was to determine the selectivity of antiproliferative action of dietary isothiocyanates for malignant versus normal cells. Methods. Antiproliferative activity of three isothiocyanates abundant in human diet: sulforaphane, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) and phenylethyl isothiocyanate, on human cervix carcinoma cell line - HeLa, melanoma cell line - Fem-x, and colon cancer cell line - LS 174, and on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), with or without mitogen, were determined by MTT colorimetric assay 72 h after their continuous action. Results. All investigated isothiocyanates inhibited the proliferation of HeLa, Fem-x and LS 174 cells. On all cell lines treated, BITC was the most potent inhibitor of cell proliferation with half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 5.04 mmoL m-3 on HeLa cells, 2.76 mmol m-3 on Fem-x, and 14.30 mmol m-3 on LS 174 cells. Antiproliferative effects on human PBMC were with higher IC50 than on malignant cells. Indexes of selectivity, calculated as a ratio between IC50 values obtained on PBMC and malignant cells, were between 1.12 and 16.57, with the highest values obtained for the action of BITC on melanoma Fem-x cells. Conclusion. Based on its antiproliferative effects on malignant cells, as well as the selectivity of the action to malignant vs normal cells, benzyl isothiocyanate can be considered as a promising candidate in cancer chemoprevention. In general, the safety of investigated compounds, in addition to their antitumor potential, should be considered as an important criterion in cancer chemoprevention. Screening of selectivity is a plausible approach to the evaluation of safety of both natural isothiocyanates and synthesised analogues of these bioactive compounds.

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