scholarly journals Use and efficacy of low temperature plasma in foods: promising intervention on aflatoxin control in maize in Kenya – A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 18662-18675
Author(s):  
Hannah Mugure Kamano ◽  
◽  
Michael Okoth ◽  
Wambui-Kogi Makau ◽  
Patrick Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Right

Maize (Zea mays var. indentata L.) is the most important food security crop in Kenya and plays an important role in human nutrition. Mycotoxins (MTs) are fungal toxic metabolites which naturally contaminate food and feed. When ingested, inhaled or adsorbed through the skin, even in very small concentrations, are associated with various cancers, retarded growth, suppressed immunity and mutations among other complications. Aflatoxins especially aflatoxin B1, are considered the most lethal in the group of more than three hundred known mycotoxins. In Kenya, aflatoxin contamination in maize leads to huge losses in the country’s breadbasket and also in the grain reserves. One of the possible methods for control of the aflatoxin menace in maize would be through the use of plasma technology. Plasma, an electrically energized matter in form of a gas that is generated at different atmospheric pressures, has several uses. At low temperature, it makes the process of decontamination practical, inexpensive and suitable for products whereby use of heat is not desired. Non thermal plasma, a new discipline in food processing has been shown to destroy micro-organisms including spores to undetectable levels. Over the years, there has been increased concern over the rising cases of aflatoxin poisoning in Kenya due to contaminated maize. The presence of aflatoxins is promoted by various factors, among them poor storage conditions, soil type, insect activity and drought conditions before harvest. Several measures including use of hermetic storage types such as pics (Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage) bags to store maize and proper drying of maize to the right moisture content to discourage mould growth have been suggested and used to tackle the aflatoxin menace. In Mexico and Caribbean countries, nixtamalization is widely practised and has been used to reduce aflatoxin in tortilla. Nixtamilization involves cooking the maize in an alkaline solution resulting in detoxification. The traditional nixtamalization and extrusion cooking processes have been combined in making of the dough (masa) for corn tortillas and have shown better success in elimination of aflatoxin. The main challenge with the use of this method of detoxification is acidification of aflatoxin extracts, which occurs during digestion and can lead to a rebuilding of the aflatoxin molecule leading to poisoning. The application of low temperature plasma technology can bring much needed reprieve in tackling the aflatoxin menace in maize and other foods both in Kenya and even worldwide.

Advances in the Application of the Low Temperature Plasma Technology in Wastewater Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 528-532
Author(s):  
Shuo Han ◽  
Qi Hui Xu ◽  
Rui Ping Zhang ◽  
Guo Qing Jiang ◽  
Jian Dong Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Pulsed Discharge ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Dielectric Barrier

The low-temperature plasma technology has the comprehensive action of high-energy electron, ultraviolet light, ozone etc. The technology that integrates light, electronic and chemical oxidation into one process has a good development prospect in wastewater treatment. In this paper, the research status and development trend of high-voltage pulsed discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, glow discharge for organic wastewater treatment at home and abroad are summarized. The current main existing problems include single treatment object oriented. In the future, the study about this technique should be focused on the optimization process, the reduction of the processing cost and energy consumption, so that this technology can be applied to practical wastewater treatment as soon as possible.Key words: Low temperature plasma technology; High-voltage pulsed discharge; Glow discharge; Dielectric barrier discharge; Wastewater

Plasma Technology of Silicate Melts Obtaining in Mineral Fibers Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Volokitin ◽  
Valentin V. Shekhovtsov ◽  
Evgenii A. Maslov
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Silicate Melts ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Mineral Fibers ◽  
Plasma Energy

This article is devoted to research possibility of high-temperature silicate melts producing from feldspar wastes of molybdenum ores enrichment (Khakassia) with use of low-temperature plasma energy.

The effects of surface modification using O2 low temperature plasma on chrome tanning properties of natural leather

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanping Jiang ◽  
Jiaxun Li ◽  
Fangming Liu ◽  
Zongcai Zhang ◽  
Zhengjun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Chrome Tanning

Low temperature plasma technology has the characteristics of economy, pollution-free and high efficiency. The pioneering works were carried out by applying low temperature plasma to surface modification of natural leather and chrome tanning process, to reduce water pollution. The effects of oxygen low temperature plasma treatment on the micro-structure, chemical compositions and active groups of leather fiber were studied in this paper. The optimal low temperature plasma treatment time was 10 min, which had the maximal chrome exhausting value. The SEM results showed that the leather surface was etched rougher with time increasing. The contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophilic property of leather surface increased after low temperature plasma process. The XPS data showed that the O1s area ratios increased from 19.49% to 26.45%, the content of COOH roughly tripled after O2 low temperature plasma treatment for 10 min, and the surface chrome content increased from 1.09% to 1.31% after chrome tanning. Based on the above results, low temperature plasma technology may provide a new exploring method for high-exhaustion chrome tanning technology.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Low Temperature Plasma Technology to Treat Sulfur-containing Malodorous Gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01052
Author(s):  
Du Zhehua
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Sulfur Containing

This paper briefly discusses the source, harm and removal methods of sulfur-containing malodorous gas. At this stage, the main methods for treating sulphur-containing malodorous gases are physical, chemical and biological methods. In contrast, low temperature plasma technology combines the advantages of physical, chemical and biological methods, and can effectively overcome the disadvantages of traditional processes. Through the comparison of various methods, the advantages of low temperature plasma treatment of sulfur-containing malodorous gas are summarized, and the corresponding removal mechanism is proposed. The treatment progress and existing problems of using low-temperature plasma to remove sulfur-containing malodorous gas, especially hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, methyl sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide, are comprehensively discussed. A new idea for the simultaneous removal of multi-component sulfur-containing malodorous gas by low temperature plasma is proposed. Compared with traditional methods, low temperature plasma technology has the advantages of simple process, strong applicability, easy operation, and low energy consumption in processing sulfur-containing malodorous gases. The treatment of sulfur-containing malodorous gas by low-temperature plasma technology needs further research.

The denitration mechanism of fly ash catalysts prepared by low-temperature plasma technology

Vacuum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 109695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Lei ◽  
Chang Xin ◽  
Jia Yang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Shu Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma
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