Civilian Response to Active Shooter Events

2013 ◽  
pp. 173-200
Keyword(s):  
Active Shooter ◽  
Civilian Response

Terrorism and the civilian response

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
T GUIDOTTI ◽  
H HOFFMAN
Keyword(s):  
Civilian Response

Correlates of the Number Shot and Killed in Active Shooter Events

2020 ◽  
pp. 108876792097672
Author(s):  
J. Pete Blair ◽  
William L. Sandel ◽  
M. Hunter Martaindale
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Shooting ◽  
Active Shooter ◽  
Single Study ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Columbine High School Shooting

Active shooter events have captured the public’s attention since the Columbine High School shooting in 1999. Although there has been research on various aspects of these events, only a single study has attempted to identify factors that are related to the number of people injured or killed in these events. This study was limited in that it only considered the presence or absence of a semi-automatic rifle. This paper expands on the existing research by examining several other factors that may impact the total number of people shot or killed during active shooter events.

An integrated emotional and physiological assessment for VR-based active shooter incident experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 101227
Author(s):  
Mohamad Awada ◽  
Runhe Zhu ◽  
Burcin Becerik-Gerber ◽  
Gale Lucas ◽  
Erroll Southers
Keyword(s):  
Active Shooter ◽  
Physiological Assessment

Civilian response to Ashmore Reef Disaster 2009

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Sharon Johnson ◽  
Ronnie Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Civilian Response

Active Shooter Workshop

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. e11
Author(s):  
Team Leaders: Katherine O'Hara ◽  
Stephanie Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Active Shooter

Active Shooter Protocols: Perceptions, Preparedness, and Anxiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Veronica Worthington ◽  
Matthew Hayes ◽  
Melissa Reeves
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Active Shooter ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Perceived Knowledge

The national concern about active shootings has pushed schools to implement intense drills without considering unintended consequences. Studies have found that, although training had the potential to increase preparedness, it also increased anxiety. These findings apply to short-term effects, but there is a lack of empirical research on long-term effects of active shooter drills. The present study investigated whether active shooter training completed in high school impacts current levels of anxiety and preparedness of undergraduates. Collegiate participants (N = 364) completed an online survey and answered questions about their perceived knowledge of protocols, protocol actions, and training methods from high school followed by the same set of questions, this time referring to their current university. Participants then completed an anxiety measure (Spielberger, 1983) and a preparedness measure. Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to predict anxiety and preparedness. This study expanded findings on the effects of active shooter training by demonstrating long-term effects for high school training. Evacuation protocols (β = −.13, p = .03; β = .16, p = .007) and perceived knowledge (β = −.16, p = .004; β = .14, p = .01) positively impacted anxiety and preparedness, respectively, of university students. Experiences at the university level had an additional, larger impact on student anxiety, ΔR2 = .11, F(8, 347) = 5.88, p < .001, and preparedness, ΔR2> = .26, F(8, 347) = 17.32, p < .001, which seems to overshadow the effects from high school. This may be problematic because the perceived knowledge that leads to higher feelings of preparedness may not translate into appropriate actions in a real-life situation, potentially risking lives.

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