Alternative Fuels for Marine Transportation

2013 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Marine Transportation

scholarly journals Pollution Tradeoffs for Conventional and Natural Gas-Based Marine Fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Winebrake ◽  
James J. Corbett ◽  
Fatima Umar ◽  
Daniel Yuska
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Near Term

This paper presents a life-cycle emissions analysis of conventional and natural gas-based marine transportation in the United States. We apply a total fuel cycle—or “well-to-propeller”—analysis that evaluates emissions along the fuel production and delivery pathway, including feedstock extraction, processing, distribution, and use. We compare emissions profiles for methanol, liquefied natural gas, and low sulfur marine fuel in our analysis, with a focus on exploring tradeoffs across the following pollutants: greenhouse gases, particulate matter, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides. For our greenhouse gas analysis, we apply global warming potentials that consider both near-term (20-year) and long-term (100-year) climate forcing impacts. We also conduct uncertainty analysis to evaluate the impacts of methane leakage within the natural gas recovery, processing, and distribution stages of its fuel cycle. Our results indicate that natural-gas based marine fuels can provide significant local environmental benefits compared to distillate fuel; however, these benefits come with a near-term—and possibly long-term—global warming penalty, unless such natural gas-based fuels are derived from renewable feedstock, such as biomass. These results point to the importance of controlling for methane leaks along the natural gas production process and the important role that renewable natural gas can play in the shipping sector. Decision-makers can use these results to inform decisions related to increasing the use of alternative fuels in short sea and coast-wise marine transportation systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of Oil Import Risk and Strategic Petroleum Reserve: The Case of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3723
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Guo ◽  
Chen Hao ◽  
Shuwen Niu
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Strategic Petroleum Reserve ◽  
Supply Risks ◽  
The One

Based on the data of 17 countries along the “One Belt and One Road” from 2000 to 2016, this paper quantified China’s oil import risks, and proposed a quantitative model to cope with the oil disruption. According to the model, the optimized scales of strategic petroleum reserve (SPR) and alternative fuels were calculated. An analysis of China’s examples shows that Saudi Arabia and Russia were the countries with the least supply risks in 2000−2016, and 10 countries with the highest risk of marine transportation were mainly located in the Middle East. China’s oil imports from Iraq and Qatar were more vulnerable to supply risks, and oil imports from other oil-producing countries in the Middle East were less affected. In addition, China’s oil imports from Asian countries were more susceptible to transportation risks, and those from the Middle East countries were less or not affected. If only SPR is considered, the optimal scale of SPR is 77 “days of oil consumption” to cope with the once-in-a-decade disruption to oil supplies. Once both alternative fuels and SPR were considered, China’s optimal alternative fuels’ size is 10 “days oil consumption” and SPR size is 75 “days oil consumption” to cope with the once-in-a-decade oil disruption. When changing disruption size, the proportion of alternative fuel and SPR will also change. If disruption scale continues to increase, the alternative fuels’ size increases from 10 “days of oil consumption” to 25 “days of oil consumption”, then decreases to 0, and the SPR size increases from 75 “days of oil consumption” to 270 “days of oil consumption”. This indicates that the SPR is more important than alternative fuels when the disruption scale is large.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN GENERATOR DUAL FUEL DIESEL ELECTRIC (DFDE) 12V50DF SUDDEN TRIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-636
Author(s):  
Markus Yando ◽  
Amiruddin Amiruddin ◽  
Bambang Wahyudi ◽  
Ryan Pengestu N
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Government

In the 20th century, the growth of marine transportation has grown rapidly in line with technological advances. Given that the marine transportation sector is one of the pollutants that exist today, the use of energy sources with better thermal efficiency and combustion that does not have a negative impact on the environment is needed in the modern era. In accordance with the regulations stipulated by IMO in the Marine Polution (Marpol) Annex VI Regulation 14 which regulates the prohibition of ships from using fuels with sulfur content higher than 0.5%. The need for alternative fuels in the shipping industry is an important thought to support the efficiency of the shipping industry. Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) is currently being developed by the government as a fuel for vehicles and environmentally friendly industries. In addition to its availability, natural gas is also considered effective for combustion. Methane / LNG gas is one of the most dominant alternative fuels at this time. This fuel can also save company expenses, namely reducing the cost of providing fuel for energy needs as a source of propulsion on board the ship. For the above, ships, especially LNG carriers, have used a lot of diesel engines to propel their ships using LNG fuel with the concept of the engine being Two Fuel Diesel Electric (DFDE) where the engine can use Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) and LNG. The DFDE engine drives the Generator and the Generator generates electricity to drive the Electric Motor and the Electric motor moves the propeller shaft, this DFDE engine in the future will replace conventional diesel engines because it is more cost efficient, but requires Engineers who understand DFDE engine technology.

CLEAN UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES AND ALTERNATIVE FUELS DERIVED FROM IT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Alexander Topal ◽  
◽  
Iryna Holenko ◽  
Luidmyla Haponych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Clean Technologies

For the municipal solid waste (MSW) to be used in a proper way, it is necessary to implement clean technologies capable of thermal treatment of MSW and RDF in order to produce heat and electricity while meeting current ecological requirements. Nowadays, a number of technologies for MSW/RDF thermal treating are being used worldwide. Among them, the most proven technologies, applicable for industrial introduction, have been considered while analyzing their advantages/ disadvantages accounting for local conditions of Ukraine.

An evaluation of very large airplanes and alternative fuels

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MIKOLOWSKY ◽  
L. NOGGLE ◽  
W. STANLEY
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels
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