Common causes of atrial fibrillation

2000 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Common Causes

Ischaemic stroke: common causes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Markus ◽  
Anthony Pereira ◽  
Geoffrey Cloud
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Lacunar Stroke ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Artery Disease

This chapter on common causes of ischaemic stroke reviews the major pathologies underlying ischaemic stroke, namely large-artery disease, cardioembolism, and small-vessel disease. Large-vessel extra- and intracranial atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is covered. Cardioembolic aetiologies of stroke including atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease are discussed. Small-vessel disease causing lacunar stroke and possible heterogonous pathologies underlying this subtype are covered. Dolichoectasia of arteries as a potential cause of stroke and the newer concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source are also discussed.

Cardioembolic stroke, the basis of diagnosis and prevention

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Mukhin ◽  
A. P. Mеdvedev ◽  
Ya. A. Ivanova ◽  
S. A. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardioembolic Stroke ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Patients At Risk

A stroke develops due to ineffective anticoagulant therapy or the lack of such therapy. With the advent of new oral anticoagulants, everything has changed. This is what the latest research on this topic shows. According to available literature sources, it is known that atherogenic dyslipidemia is a risk factor for plaque failure in the coronary arteries. Persistent atrial fibrillation, diagnosed with Holter's long-term monitoring, is also a risk factor for stroke. One of the methods for diagnosing embolism is transcranial Doppler scanning. Also, the method helps in choosing the tactics of endovascular closure of the left atrial appendage. As for the etiology, embolism is one of the common causes of cardioembolic stroke. The term embolism of an unspecified source (ESUS), a study of the causes currently underway, was introduced for the embolism that happened in the remote period after a myocardial infarction. Recent clinical trials have shown that ESUS can occur in patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation (AF). Evidence suggests that a left atrial thrombus can lead to thromboembolism even in the absence of AF. Many aspects for the sensible management of patients at risk of developing car dioembolic stroke are ref lected in this review.

scholarly journals Cardiac Arrhythmias – Part III Narrow Complex Tachycardia

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
DW Davies ◽  
◽  
MD O’Neill ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Atrioventricular Reciprocating Tachycardia ◽  
Narrow Complex Tachycardia ◽  
Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome

Narrow complex tachycardia usually refers to an abnormality of cardiac rhythm involving the tissues of the sinus node, atrial tissue, the atrioventricular node or an accessory atrioventricular communication. Although atrial fibrillation is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia, the term “supraventricular tachycardia” conventionally refers to the group of rhythm disturbances encompassing sinus tachycardia (appropriate and inappropriate), atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia (AVNRT) and atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) including the Wolff Parkinson White syndrome (WPW). Atrial fibrillation is beyond the scope of this article which focuses on the diagnosis and acute management of the patient presenting with one of these common causes of a regular, narrow complex tachycardia.

Ischemic Stroke: Uncommon and Special Situations

2021 ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Arnold Fiebelkorn ◽  
James P. Klaas
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Spinal Cord Infarction ◽  
Venous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Common Causes

Most ischemic stroke is caused by atherosclerosis (large- and small-vessel disease) and cardioembolic sources (eg, atrial fibrillation). However, it is important to recognize the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic manifestations of rarer causes of stroke since the treatment may differ from the treatment of more typical causes. This chapter reviews the less common causes of stroke in addition to stroke in special situations: stroke in children, stroke in pregnant women, spinal cord infarction, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Abstract 1034: Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms Are Often Due to Wavefront Collision or Functional Block Rather than Focal Triggers in a Canine Model of Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward P Gerstenfeld ◽  
Sattar Gojraty ◽  
Hermengol Valles ◽  
Jean-Francois Roux ◽  
Nimrod Lavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
List Type ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Central Vortex ◽  
Noncontact Mapping ◽  
Functional Block ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Atrial Electrograms ◽  
Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms

Complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFEs) have been described as a target during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, however, the mechanism leading to CFEs is poorly understood. We used noncontact mapping in a canine model of AF to determine the activation patterns in areas characterized by CFEs. Sustained AF was induced in 5 canines with 12 weeks of atrial tachy-pacing. A noncontact Multielctrode Array (MEA) was deployed in the left atrium (LA) and a contact bipolar CFE map was constructed. Areas of CFE were outlined on the map, and the MEA was then used to reconstruct wavefront propagation through CFE areas during 3 separate recording segments for each CFE site. There were 18 CFE regions identified (3.8/dog) and 54 noncontact CFE activation sequences studied. Activation patterns during the three recoding segments over time were consistent in 11/18 CFE regions (61%). The CFE regions were stereotypically located at the PV/LA junctions and the LA roof. Thirty-five CFE regions were characterized by wavefront collision, usually between circulating LA wavefronts and entry/exit from the PVs. Thirteen CFE regions were noted to be the central functional barrier of a rotor (Figure ) or partial rotor. Five regions were characterized by repeated conduction through a central isthmus with wavebreak. In this pacing-induced AF model, common causes of CFEs include collision between circulating LA wavefronts conduction through channels of functional block, the central vortex of a circulating rotor. The vast majority of these CFE regions were caused by heterogeneous anatomy and areas of functional block rather than true “drivers” of AF.

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