Effect of Fruit and Vegetable Intake on cvd Risk Factors in Humans

2013 ◽  
pp. 501-528
Author(s):  
Lars Dragsted
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

scholarly journals Association of fruit and vegetable intake with cardiovascular risk factors in urban south Indians

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Radhika ◽  
Vasudevan Sudha ◽  
Rangaswamy Mohan Sathya ◽  
Anbazhagan Ganesan ◽  
Viswanathan Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
South Indians ◽  
Urban South

The study examines the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake (g/d) and CVD risk factors in urban south Indians. The study population comprised of 983 individuals aged ≥ 20 years selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES), a population-based cross-sectional study on a representative population of Chennai in southern India. Fruit and vegetable intake (g/d) was measured using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Linear regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, smoking, alcohol, BMI and total energy intake, the highest quartile of fruit and vegetable intake (g/d) showed a significant inverse association with systolic blood pressure (β = − 2·6 (95 % CI − 5·92, − 1·02) mmHg; P = 0·027), BMI (β = − 2·3 (95 % CI − 2·96, − 1·57) kg/m2; P < 0·0001), waist circumference (β = − 2·6 (95 % CI − 3·69, − 1·46) cm; P < 0·0001), total cholesterol (β = − 50 (95 % CI − 113·9, − 13·6) mg/l; P = 0·017) and LDL-cholesterol concentration (β = − 55 (95 % CI − 110·8, − 11·1) mg/l; P = 0·039) when compared with the lowest quartile. A higher intake of fruit and vegetables explained 48 % of the protective effect against CVD risk factors. Increased intake of fruits and vegetables could play a protective role against CVD in Asian Indians who have high rates of premature coronary artery disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence, clustering and sociodemographic distributions of non-communicable disease risk factors in Nepalese adolescents: secondary analysis of a nationwide school survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e028263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ram Dhungana ◽  
Bihungum Bista ◽  
Achyut Raj Pandey ◽  
Maximilian de Courten
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence, clustering and sociodemographic distribution of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in adolescents in Nepal.DesignData originated from Global School Based Student Health Survey, Nepal conducted in 2015–2016.SettingThe study sites were the secondary schools in Nepal; 74 schools were selected based on the probability proportional to school enrolment size throughout Nepal.Participants5795 school-going children aged 13–17 years were included in the study.Primary outcomesNCD risk factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, insufficient physical activity and overweight/obesity were the primary outcomes. Sociodemographic distributions of the combined and individual NCD risk factors were determined by Poisson regression analysis.ResultsFindings revealed the prevalence of smoking (6.04%; CI 4.62 to 7.88), alcohol consumption (5.29%; CI 4.03 to 6.92), insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (95.33%; CI 93.89 to 96.45), insufficiently physical activity (84.77%; CI 81.04 to 87.88) and overweight/obesity (6.66%; CI 4.65 to 9.45). One or more risk factors were present in 99.6%, ≥2 were in 83% and ≥3 were in 11.2%. Risk factors were more likely to cluster in male, 17 years of age and grade 7. Prevalence of smoking (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=2.38; CI 1.6 to 3.51) and alcohol consumption (aPR=1.81; CI 1.29 to 2.53) was significantly high in male, and in 16 and 17 years of age. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity and overweight/obesity was significantly lower in higher grades.ConclusionInsufficient fruit and vegetable intake and insufficient physical activity were highly prevalent in the populations studied. Risk factors were disproportionately distributed and clustered in particular gender, age and grade. The study population requires an age and gender specific preventive public health intervention.

scholarly journals Thiol and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Status in a Male Northern Irish Population

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (45) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Edgar ◽  
Jayne V. Woodside ◽  
Paula Skidmore ◽  
Christopher Cardwell ◽  
Kathryn Farelll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Negatively Associated

Objectives: Raised plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cysteine has also been associated with CVD risk. In this study, we investigated the association between known CVD risk factors, dietary factors, and total plasma cysteine, cysteinyl-glycine, and homocysteine. Methods: The study group was 765 male workers aged between 30–49 years. The dietary habits of the subjects were recorded using a food frequency questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and blood pressure were assessed, and fasting blood samples were taken for analysis of serum concentrations of vitamins, lipids, total plasma cysteine, cysteinyl-glycine, and homocysteine, and genotyping for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism. Results: In multivariable analyses, cysteine was significantly positively associated with age and negatively associated with serum vitamin B12 and serum vitamin B6, while cysteinyl-glycine was significantly positively associated with BMI. Homocysteine (tHcy) was significantly negatively associated with serum folate, serum vitamin B12, and fruit and vegetable intake, and also depended on the MTHFR 677C > T genotype. Conclusions: Our data show a significant relationship between age, serum levels of B-vitamins and cysteine, and BMI and cysteinyl-glycine. In agreement with other studies, we also confirm an association between tHcy, serum folate and vitamin B12, MTHFR genotype, and fruit and vegetable intake. Further investigation into the role of these thiols and their determinants in CVD is required.

The Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Chronic Disease Risk Factors

Epidemiology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Serdula ◽  
Tim Byers ◽  
Ali H. Mokdad ◽  
Eduardo Simoes ◽  
James M. Mendlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Effects of chronic and acute consumption of fruit- and vegetable-puree-based drinks on vasodilation, risk factors for CVD and the response as a result of theeNOSG298T polymorphism

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor W. George ◽  
Chutamat Niwat ◽  
Saran Waroonphan ◽  
Michael H. Gordon ◽  
Julie A. Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

The average UK adult consumes less than three portions of fruit and vegetables daily, despite evidence to suggest that consuming five portions daily could help prevent chronic diseases. It is recommended that fruit juice should only count as one of these portions, as juicing removes fibre and releases sugars. However, fruit juices contain beneficial compounds such as vitamin C and flavonoids and could be a useful source of dietary phytochemicals. Two randomised controlled cross-over intervention studies investigating the effects of chronic and acute consumption of commercially-available fruit- and vegetable-puree-based drinks (FVPD) on bioavailability, antioxidant status and CVD risk factors are described. Blood and urine samples were collected during both studies and vascular tone was measured using laser Doppler imaging. In the chronic intervention study FVPD consumption was found to significantly increase dietary carotenoids (P=0·001) and vitamin C (P=0·003). Plasma carotenoids were increased (P=0·001), but the increase in plasma vitamin C was not significant. There were no significant effects on oxidative stress, antioxidant status and other CVD risk factors. In the acute intervention study FVPD were found to increase total plasma nitrate and nitrite (P=0·001) and plasma vitamin C (P=0·002). There was no effect on plasma lipids or uric acid, but there was a lower glucose and insulin peak concentration after consumption of the FVPD compared with the sugar-matched control. There was a trend towards increased vasodilation following both chronic and acute FVPD consumption. All volunteers were retrospectively genotyped for theeNOSG298T polymorphism and the effect of genotype on the measurements is discussed. Overall, there was a non-significant trend towards increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation following both acute and chronic FVPD consumption. However, there was a significant time×treatment effect (P<0·05) of acute FVPD consumption in individuals with the GG variant of theeNOSgene.

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