Therapeutic Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome and Lifestyle-Related Disease

2013 ◽  
pp. 325-364
Author(s):  
Hajime Otani
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Related Disease

Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Features Leading to Therapeutic Strategies

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Irene Gazi ◽  
Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽  
Dimitri P. Mikhailidis ◽  
Moses Elisaf
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies

scholarly journals The Adipokines in Cancer Cachexia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Mannelli ◽  
Tania Gamberi ◽  
Francesca Magherini ◽  
Tania Fiaschi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Wasting ◽  
Circulating Levels

Cachexia is a devastating pathology induced by several kinds of diseases, including cancer. The hallmark of cancer cachexia is an extended weight loss mainly due to skeletal muscle wasting and fat storage depletion from adipose tissue. The latter exerts key functions for the health of the whole organism, also through the secretion of several adipokines. These hormones induce a plethora of effects in target tissues, ranging from metabolic to differentiating ones. Conversely, the decrease of the circulating level of several adipokines positively correlates with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. A lot of findings suggest that cancer cachexia is associated with changed secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. In agreement, cachectic patients show often altered circulating levels of adipokines. This review reported the findings of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, and visfatin) in cancer cachexia, highlighting that to study in-depth the involvement of these hormones in this pathology could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals MMPs and TIMPs levels are correlated with anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and endothelial function in obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumaya Boumiza ◽  
Karim Chahed ◽  
Zouhair Tabka ◽  
Marie-Paule Jacob ◽  
Xavier Norel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractThe association between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and obesity as well as obesity-related disease including metabolic syndrome is not fully explored. Our aims are that: (i) to evaluate the plasma levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and their ratios in non-obese people, overweight and obese people with or without metabolic syndrome, (ii) to investigate correlations between MMPs or TIMPs levels and several anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, endothelial function. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were determined in 479 randomly selected participants, subdividing according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome status. Plasma MMPs and TIMPs levels were measured. The assessment of endothelial function was characterized in people with obesity, overweight and non-obese, using laser Doppler Flowmetry. Obese people have elevated MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 levels and decreased MMP-3/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios compared with non-obese people. MMP-1 levels and MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio were positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference (WC) while MMP-2 levels were negatively correlated with BMI and WC values in obese people. MMP-3 levels and MMP-3/TIMP-1 ratio were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in obese and metabolic syndrome people. Additionally, MMP-9 levels and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were negatively correlated with endothelium-dependent response in obese and metabolic syndrome people. MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 levels were increased in obese subjects. Significant correlations between anthropometric parameters and MMP-1 as well as MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio supported these results. MMP-3 and -9 levels as well as their ratios with TIMP-1 were associated with blood pressure and endothelial-dependent response, respectively. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels were correlated with several obesity-related parameters including BMI, WC, blood pressure and endothelial-dependent response. Our findings will hopefully provide new aspects for the use of MMPs and TIMPs as clinical biomarkers in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases such as metabolic syndrome and hypertension. The lack of measure of MMPs activity in plasma and relevant organs/tissues in obesity and metabolic syndrome is considered as a limitation in this report.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Vona ◽  
Lucrezia Gambardella ◽  
Camilla Cittadini ◽  
Elisabetta Straface ◽  
Donatella Pietraforte
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products

Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents worldwide public health issue characterized by a set of cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance. The link between the MS and the associated diseases is represented by oxidative stress (OS) and by the intracellular redox imbalance, both caused by the persistence of chronic inflammatory conditions that characterize MS. The increase in oxidizing species formation in MS has been accepted as a major underlying mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products, and impairment of the antioxidant systems. These oxidative modifications are recognized as relevant OS biomarkers potentially able to (i) clarify the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the etiology of the MS, (ii) contribute to the diagnosis/evaluation of the disease’s severity, and (iii) evaluate the utility of possible therapeutic strategies based on natural antioxidants. The antioxidant therapies indeed could be able to (i) counteract systemic as well as mitochondrial-derived OS, (ii) enhance the endogenous antioxidant defenses, (iii) alleviate MS symptoms, and (iv) prevent the complications linked to MS-derived cardiovascular diseases. The focus of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the role of OS in the development of metabolic alterations characterizing MS, with particular regard to the occurrence of OS-correlated biomarkers, as well as to the use of therapeutic strategies based on natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance: focus on the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Veronika N. Shishkova ◽  
◽  
Veronika N. Shishkova ◽  
Anatolii I. Martynov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Number Of Patients

Insulin resistance is the main link of pathogenesis of a lot of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases which are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The combination of insulin resistance – associated disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, refers to metabolic syndrome. The increase in the number of patients with metabolic syndrome is due to a prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle and inappropriate di-etary pattern in the modern world, and is also partially associated with the trend of population aging in most developed countries. In this regard, it is necessary to emphasize the relevance of the link between insulin resistance and the development of a specific complication – metabolic cardiomyopathy. Given that the triggering event in pathogenesis of this cardiomyopathy is alterations in substrate balance with following accumulation of lipotoxic metabolites in cardiomyocytes, the term “lipotoxic cardiomyopathy” has been proposed. This cardiomyodystrophy is associated with myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, which thereafter result into chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. Although the link between the lipotoxic cardiomyodystrophy and insulin resistance–associated disorders is quite close, till now all therapeutic strategies involving only complex therapy with antidiabetic and lipid-lowering drugs have not led to a decrease in the risk for cardiomyopathy. There is a need in searching for effective therapeutic strategies to reduce the incidence of both lipotoxic cardiomyody-strophy and associated chronic heart failure.

Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Features Leading to Therapeutic Strategies

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Gazi ◽  
Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽  
Dimitri P. Mikhailidis ◽  
Moses Elisaf
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies

scholarly journals A New Insight into the Roles of MiRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Huang ◽  
Yuxiang Yan ◽  
Weicheng Xv ◽  
Ge Qian ◽  
Chijian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insight Into

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which includes several clinical components such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, hypertension, proinflammatory state, and oxidative stress (OS), has become a global epidemic health issue contributing to a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), used as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy, have aroused global interest in complex processes in health and diseases, including MetS and its components. MiRNAs can exist stably in serum, liver, skeletal muscle (SM), heart muscle, adipose tissue (AT), andβcells, because of their ability to escape the digestion of RNase. Here we first present an overall review on recent findings of the relationship between miRNAs and several main components of MetS, such as IR, obesity, diabetes, lipid metabolism, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and stress, to illustrate the targeting proteins or relevant pathways that are involved in the progress of MetS and also help us find promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Metabolic Syndrome is a Risk Factor for Post-Operative Adhesions: Need for Novel Treatment Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Pilpel ◽  
Guy Pines ◽  
Andreas Birkenfeld ◽  
Stefan Bornstein ◽  
Rafael Miller
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Postoperative Adhesions ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

AbstractMetabolic syndrome is a group of disorders which include obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemias, and hypertension. This condition is rapidly increasing in an aging population. The rates of surgery in older patients is also growing and a wide range of operations including minimally invasive procedures is now available for this segment of the population. The number of patients suffering from postoperative adhesions is therefore correspondingly increasing. In addition to preventing and treating the metabolic disease itself, improved therapeutic strategies for the prevention of surgical adhesions have to be developed. Here we review the existing and novel treatment options.

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